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The thermoelectric conversion with lower Renault number (Re) fluid, such as waste heat from industry boiler, and engine's circled cooling water, which can be designed as intramural generator structure. In this research, a thermoelectric project analysis model and the description of an intensified system are presented, its generator with the aligned or staggered platoon structure has strengthened heat-transfer...
Sun supplies the purest energy available on the Earth. Hungary and Serbia seems to be even further from this energy source free from CO2 emission, since in spite of the fact that, these states has excellent geographical features neither our present governments non supports this issue to a sufficient extent. A correct purchase price of solar energy should be determined in harmony with the European...
This paper seeks to demonstrate the performance of a thermoelectric energy recovery module (TERM). The TERM aims to convert the waste heat from power amplifier (PA) transistors into the useful power. The TERM contains a thermoelectric generator (TEG), a heat spreader, and a heat sink. A first order prototype of the TERM is generated and used as a test vehicle. Experimental setup mainly consists of...
The exhaust gas pipe with three branch pipes of diesel engine is analyzed in the paper. A coupling model of heat transfer between solid and gas is set up, and a heat transfer equation is added into the two dimensional model,. The gas flow filed of exhaust pipe has been simulated numerically with SIMPLE method. The velocities, pressure and temperature are compared. The heat transfer from exhaust pipe...
This paper develops a numerical model of thermoelectric generator (TEG), and analyses the influencing factors on output power based on the model. The model takes into account much more influencing factors than previous model, such as contact effects and actual structure of TEG. It can be seen by curves analysis and theoretical derivation, that the output power of TEG can be improved by increasing...
In this paper, we study the enhancement of silicon absorbing properties while microstructuring its surface with cones of variable size and spacing. We simulate the optical reflectance of the structures with spikes of different dimensions. Then random maskless textured silicon, called “black silicon” is processed by reactive ion etching (RIE) under cryogenic temperatures. Using this process, three...
In the medical healthcare system, wireless body area network (WBAN) is used to monitor the fall event of a patient by sensing his/her body state orientation (stand or fall posture). However, for a conventional WBAN, the only way to communicate with the doctors' computers or hospital's servers is through the local gateway. Hence, the reliability of the WBAN is greatly dependent on the life span of...
This work deals with the design and a prototype implementation of a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) for a thermoelectric (TE) module aiming to improve energy conversion efficiency in battery charging. This system uses TE devices that directly convert heat energy from a water gas heater to electricity to charge a battery. The TE module exhibits a non-linear I-V characteristic and its maximum power...
The paper presents a comparative analysis of three different electrothermal models of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) implemented in SPICE. It starts from a model that is based on the constant parameters theory. Next, the one that takes into account a mean temperature at the both sides of the thermogenerator is described. Finally, an improved model is shown that calculates the values of parameters...
For a thermoelectric generator based small battery energy storage system, the adaptive maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on incremental impedance is presented. The small signal model is mathematically derived and analyzed in frequency domain. Based on the frequency domain information, the design procedure is proposed with some practical considerations. The design methodology has...
In the paper an improved model of the thermoelectric generator (TEG) is shown. The electrothermal model was implemented into electronic circuits simulator SPICE and it was used during simulation of energy harvesting processes. In the latest version a dependence of the internal electrical resistance of the Peltier module in respect to temperature changes was introduced. Therefore, better accuracy of...
Autonomous sensing system is a promising approach in applications that do not allow cabled solutions and the use of battery has maintenance problems. In this paper an autonomous sensor system with low power electronics for RF communication and with an energy harvesting module is presented. The sensored system is proposed for temperature measurements, but it can be used with other sensor types to measure...
For a wide output voltage ranged thermoelectric generator, it is necessary to have a DC-DC converter that allows voltage boost and buck functions. In this paper, a boost-buck cascade DC-DC converter is adopted to allow input voltage range from near 0 V to 25 V and output voltage range from 12.3 V to 16.5 V, needed for vehicle battery charging. To ensure a smooth operating mode change, a modified maximum...
A boost-cascaded-with-buck converter based power conditioning system employing a seamless mode transfer maximum power point tracking controller is proposed to maximize energy production of a thermoelectric generator while balancing the vehicle battery charging, alternator output power, and vehicle load. When a maximum power point exceeds a load demand, the proposed controller switches to a power matching...
The characterization of three commercial thermoelectric modules, designed for cooling/heating applications, is presented in order to employ the devices for power conversion, i.e as thermoelectric generators (TEG). The thermoelectric theory is briefly described at first, also taking into account the relationship between effective temperature difference across the TEG junctions and temperature difference...
This paper presents a polycrystalline silicon germanium thermopile specially designed as a power scavenger on human body. The design of both a single thermocouple and the thermopile has been described. The modeling has been performed analytically and numerically. An output power of 1-2 muW with an output voltage of about 1 V can be obtained from the designed thermopiles when installed in a watch-size...
A thermoelectric generator (TEG) usually works in dynamic operating conditions due to the time change, in real applications, of the electric load and hot or cold temperatures. Thus understanding transient thermal and electrical behavior of the device, besides the steady-state behavior, is important in order to investigate the global device performance. The major objective of this work is to describe...
Geothermal and solar heat are attractive and environmentally clean energy sources for future power systems where solid state generators may become more important. In this paper, a generator model for such a novel conversion system is presented. Benefits and constraints are shown using a thermoelectric generator for solid state power conversion. For system efficiency improvement and power maximization,...
Pellet boilers need auxiliary electrical power to provide CO2 -balanced heat in a comfortable and environment-friendly way. The idea is to produce this and some extra electricity within the furnace in order to save resources and to gain operation reliability and independency. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) allow direct conversion of heat to electrical power. They have the advantage of a long maintenance-free...
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