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Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCV) is associated with more than 80% of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare but highly lethal form of skin cancer. We made use of the immunological data on MCV available through publications and databases and constructed MCV T cell Antigen Database (MCVdb). MCVdb contains 734 curated antigen entries of MCV antigenic proteins and 30 experimentally verified T cell epitopes...
To date, selective sentinel lymphadenectomy (SSL) should be considered a standard approach for staging patients with primary invasive melanoma greater than or equal to 1 mm. It is imperative that the multidisciplinary team master the techniques of preoperative lymphoscintigraphy, intraoperative lymphatic mapping, and postoperative pathologic evaluation of the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). An SLN is...
Merkel cell carcinomas are aggressive primary cutaneous neuroendocrine tumors that have recently been associated with Merkel cell polyomavirus. Visceral neuroendocrine tumors can involve the skin secondarily, usually in the setting of disseminated disease but can be the primary manifestation of disease. Knowledge of the clinical, histologic, and immunophenotypic features of tumors is essential for...
There is debate about the existence of neuroendocrine cells in the normal breast, however, tumours with varying degrees of neuroendocrine differentiation occur. The latest WHO classification identifies solid neuroendocrine carcinoma, small and large cell carcinoma. In addition mucinous carcinoma contributes to a large number of tumours with neuroendocrine differentiation. The biology and molecular...
Neuroendocrine tumors usually arise in endocrine organs but have also been described in unusual sites like the thymus and the skin. Neuroendocrine neoplasia in these sites is rare but does exist. The following chapter will discuss neuroendocrine carcinoma arising in the thymus and skin, the latter referred to as Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin.
Neurothekeoma (NTK) is a neoplasm of uncertain lineage. Previous descriptions classified NTK as cellular (immature) and myxoid (mature; classical) types based on the degree of cellularity. Currently, however, it is suggested that some highly myxoid and the previously described transitional or mixed variants with evidence of schwannian differentiation are better classified as dermal nerve sheath myxoma...
Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy. In this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge regarding its epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, histopathologic features, clinical staging, and prognosis. Furthermore, we review the evidence for various therapeutic approaches, including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
Correlation of the clinical history and histopathology are typically sufficient for accurate diagnosis in dermatopathology. However, in cases where this alone is insufficient, immunohistochemistry can further characterize lesions in the differential diagnosis. As with all immunohistochemical markers, none of those used in dermatopathology are completely sensitive and specific, therefore appropriate...
Skin cancer is the most common cancer observed worldwide. This chapter focuses on non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), specifically basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). BCC is more common than SCC, while MCC is rare. NMSC commonly occurs on sun‐exposed areas, such as the head and neck region, with solar radiation as the major causative agent. Surgery...
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