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A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an experimental advance technology zigzag enables users to intertwine govern prole vigorous order of their geographical deliver thus stray then referred to as a tuning of fewer networks. A Hoop-la-hoc raucous is an adaptive, self-organizing tackle in mutable, ought to be accomplished to Hawks haw the publication of Dick successive apparatus zigzag pull off fundamental...
Due to the inherent limitations of the sensor nodes (SNs) and the distributed nature of information in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), energy efficient routing protocols have received significant research attention. Hierarchical routing based on clustering have been proven to be an effective method for energy-efficiency. Moreover, the presence of heterogeneous nodes with varied initial energies can...
Recent advancement in wireless communications and electronics has enabled the development of low-cost sensor networks. The sensor networks can be used for various application areas (e.g., health, military, home). Wireless sensor networks consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communications capabilities. Many routing, power management, and data dissemination protocols have...
Traditional routing protocols such as LEACH, PEGASIS, TEEN etc. are no longer appropriate for the Energy Harvesting-Wireless Sensing element Networks (EH-WSN). Requirement is that WSN must have low energy consumption. Machine Learning algorithms can be used for minimizing energy consumption. Thus our main objective is to develop machine learning based routing protocol, which is having energy harvested...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) contain some of sensor nodes which interact with others through physical parameters like sunlight, wind, vibration, humidity etc. From Base Station (BS) Sensor node sends and receives data to or from wireless stations. Clustering schemes in WSN are two types homogeneous schemes and heterogeneous schemes. In Homogeneous scheme initial energy is same for each node but in...
Energy consumption is one of the constraints in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The routing protocols are the hot areas to address quality-of-service (QoS) related issues, viz., energy consumption, network lifetime, network scalability, and packet overhead. The key issue in WSN is that these networks suffer from the packet overhead, which is the root cause of more energy consumption and degrade the...
Extended network lifetime and load balancing are important requirements for many WSN applications. There are many clustering routing schemes for homogeneous proactive and reactive WSNs but they suffer from the problem of uneven load distribution and back transmission. This paper presents an energy efficient load balanced clustering scheme with away cluster head (ACH) scheme and free association mechanism...
The increased interest in use and area of Wireless sensor networks(WSN) have led to designing of many new routing protocols in which energy awareness is of great consideration. In this paper LEACH and its two variants LEACH-E, LEACH-EX is analyzed by simulation. Their performance is compared by varying parameters such as initial energy, probability of CH node election and size of the packet.
Due to lack of power source, energy is the key concern area in Wireless Sensor Networks. Maximum energy is used in transmission of data. Many research works have been done to develop routing algorithms to increase the lifetime of a sensor network. Among them clustering based approach is well known for achieving energy efficiency. This paper proposes a new routing strategy based on hierarchical routing...
Many research topics in recent years have focused on clustering algorithms as a scalable routing protocol in wireless sensor networks. In these algorithms, by the use of data aggregation techniques and reduction in sensors that should make long distance communications, energy consumption in total network lifetime is decreased. One of algorithms proposed in this field is DECSA. Aiming at the problem...
An energy efficient routing protocol is the major concern in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this paper, we describe LEACH routing protocol and some of its new versions. After that we propose an energy efficient hierarchical routing protocol, developed from LEACH. The basic concept involved in increasing energy efficiency and hence lifetime is to keep radio communication distance as minimum as...
This paper proposed a EELP (Energy Efficient LEACH Protocol) routing protocol based on LEACH. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is seminal work in the area of clustering-based protocol, proposed by W.B. Heinzelman. In EELP, all nodes are organized sequentially in the rooms of the apartments of a multi-story building. In this protocol, cluster head (CH) selection is determined as the...
Advancement in wireless sensor network gives scope of research in the field of designing routing protocol. In this paper evolution of routing protocol is described with its important classification for wireless sensor network. Energy efficient and reliability are two most important factors while designing the routing protocol. Here survey of different classification of routing protocol is done with...
Recently, special types of routing protocols are designed for sensor networks. Almost all of these routing protocols have considered the energy efficiency as the ultimate objective in order to maximize the lifetime of the whole network. The different types of routing protocols available in WSN are data centric, hierarchical, and location-based and on demand routing protocols. Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering...
In wireless sensor network, all nodes are energy constrained and designing an energy efficient routing protocol is very important. Clustering routing protocol is a kind of energy efficient routing, while using a virtual backbone to organize the nodes and perform an efficient routing is also a feasible way.
In this paper, a novel secure routing protocol is proposed for wireless sensor networks in which sensor nodes as well as the base station are mobile. The protocol achieves security property through symmetric key cryptography and threshold key cryptography. An analysis of the security strengths of the protocol is presented. Simulation results show the throughput of the proposed protocol and a comparison...
The use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is anticipated to bring lot of changes in data gathering, processing and dissemination for different environments and applications. Energy consumption is the most crucial design issue in WSN. In order to solve the issue and prolong the network lifetime, energy resources of each node in WSN need to be effectively managed. With respect to energy efficiency,...
Cluster-based routing protocol is always a hot research area in wireless sensor networks. Classical LEACH protocol has many advantages in energy efficiency, data aggregation and so on, so it is widely used until now. In this paper, based on the LEACH protocol, we propose a new distance-based clustering routing protocol, LEACH-SC (LEACH-selective cluster). In LEACH-SC, a new method is used to choose...
Energy Efficient Routing is a crucial issue in Wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This paper proposes a novel algorithm, Parametric Protocol for Energy Efficient Cluster Head Selection (PPEECS) in WSN, which consists of two phases; Region formation phase and Cluster Head (CH) selection phase. In prior phase we divide the network into several regions depending upon node density distribution. The later...
Energy efficiency and data reliability have always been the key problem in WSN. In this paper, firstly, a selection of cluster head algorithm is designed which is able to detect the energy change of nodes, rapidly ascertain new cluster head, and avoid excessive energy consumption between cluster head and cluster nodes. Secondly, differentiated service is introduced in our algorithm which makes achieve...
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