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We herein investigate the design of a tapered slot antenna (TSA) that is divided into a radiator and a feeding circuit (balun). We measured the differential component and common component of the surface current on the TSA in a previous study. Moreover, we measured the radiation patterns of the radiator and the balun in order to discuss the radiation of the TSA. In particular, the differential component...
In this paper, we present and discuss simultaneous records of current and wideband electric field waveforms at 380 km distance from the strike point associated with an upward bipolar flash initiated from the Säntis Tower. The flash contains 23 negative strokes and one positive stroke. The height of the ionospheric reflection for the positive pulse was inferred to be about 94.9 km, a value which is...
This paper discusses about noise measurement in the high voltage laboratory by using high frequency current transformer (HFCT) and loop antenna. This paper explains how to measure the noise characteristics by using two sensors: HFCT and loop antenna. The measurement of noise characteristics was based on the measurement of background noise when the power source of the experiment system is off. The...
This paper presents a battery-connected wireless ion sensing system comprising a Na+-selective electrode, a 406 pW Potentiometrie front end, a 780 pW reference-free asynchronous SAR ADC, a 2.4 GHz power oscillator-based transmitter that consumes 2.4 nW when transmitting 100 bps, a 485 pW quiescent power 1.8-to-0.6 V switched-capacitor DC-DC converter with 96.8% peak efficiency, and two temperature-stabilized...
An experimental study on the electromagnetic field (EMF) coupling to the inert instrumented bridge wires is reported in this work. The experimental studies are conducted on the S and X bands, as the hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance (HERO) environment is maximum in these two frequency bands. The study was carried out with a metallic cylindrical body to study the resulting effects. In...
The paper presents the results of research that can be put into the development and research of non-contact rapid method for assessing the quality of the assembly and installation of EM designs. To achieve the objectives, studied the behavior of the mechanical connection of the contact pairs, namely the definition of the contribution of R, L, C parameters contact joints in the modulation level and...
Given a list of positioning measurements in location server, how to accurately estimate the user position is an open problem. We propose to apply particle swarm optimization (PSO) to estimate user position which can well explore the measurements including TDOA, TOA, DOA, and so on. Simulation results show that the PSO algorithms can significantly improve the positioning accuracy compared to current...
Partial discharge (PD) detection by detecting the released energy in the form of electromagnetic (EM) wave during discharge using Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) antenna is one of the methods to determine insulation system quality of power apparatus. The main advantage of UHF PD detection system by using antenna are the capability to detect PD signal without firstly shut down the power apparatus. Therefore,...
In order to ensure radio services like radio broadcasting or terrestrial navigation, the electromagnetic emissions of wind turbines (WTs) must be also taken into account. Due to the enormous metrological effort as well as the dependence on the weather condition which influences the power level of the WT, the idea of measuring the common-mode current Icm (also known as antenna current) on the power...
A previously introduced numerical approach to modeling a susceptibility test within a reverberation chamber has been validated against experimental measurement. A sample equipment-under-test (EUT) was fabricated and tested within a reverberation chamber over a large frequency band. The scattering parameter between the source antenna and the EUT measurement port measured within the chamber over a large...
Integrating antenna pattern measurements in the classroom offers many captivating insights about electromagnetic fields that is visually appealing to young scientists and students. In particular, the planar near-field measurement techniques allow instructors to connect to fundamental knowledge about antennas. Challenging concepts become immediately a hands-on discussion while providing students an...
This paper investigates the performance of an automotive RKE (Remote Keyless Entry) system under the influence of RF interference, injected by the Bulk Current Injection (BCI) test technique. Measurements indicate a severe degradation of performance in the 15 MHz–30 MHz frequency band where RF current injection level is set at 106 dBμA. Injection at these frequencies leads to failure in correct operation...
Measurement of the radiation properties of low gain antennas at VHF frequency is in many cases a challenging task. Measurements performed in shielded anechoic chambers are usually preferred to outdoor ranges because they are not subject to the electromagnetic pollution and less affected by the scattering of the environment. However, different source of errors, such as truncation of the scanning surface...
Recent use of measured data as near field sources in Computational Electro Magnetic (CEM) tools has opened the possibility to represent antennas in numerical simulations, even when the antenna characteristics and geometry are unknown and therefore cannot be included in a full wave model [1-4]. The near field source consists of an equivalent current representation of the antenna, which is prepared...
In the field of antenna diagnosis and characterization, the Sources Reconstruction Method (SRM) has been proved to be a powerful tool enabling the use of arbitrary-geometry measurement and reconstruction surfaces. The SRM has been extended for phaseless antenna characterization using two or more acquisition surfaces, as a simpler (but slower) alternative to holographic techniques. One of the main...
The Locally corrected Nyström (LCN) method is used for current reconstruction on the surface of microwave boards and antennas. A relationship is established between LCN and RWG method of moment (MoM) for this application to enforce current continuity. This approach allows designers to find, characterize, and address the cause of a design failure in a microwave board or an antenna under test. The advantage...
When a balanced-to-unbalanced transformer circuit is connected directly to an ordinary vector network analyzer, common-mode current flows through the measurement system and introduces measurement error to measurements of the two-port circuit parameters. In this study, the S-parameters of a balun were measured using a combination of the S-parameter method and the calculation procedure of the short-open-load...
The inverse source technique is an accurate post processing and diagnostics method for antenna measurements [1-3]. Indeed, this technique has proven useful to suppress and filter disturbances in measurement scenarios such as presence of the feeding cable and mounting support [4-6]. Performing accurate measurements of on-chip antennas at millimeter wave frequencies is difficult in particular due to...
In this paper, we study the radio propagation characteristics in a typical forest environment in central Europe. Understanding propagation in such environment is important not just for remote monitoring and military applications, but also for vehicular networks of cars passing by the forest. We have conducted measurement campaigns covering the frequencies of 750MHz and 2170 MHz. We have also covered...
We experimentally investigate an IFoF mobile fronthaul uplink, where 64-QAM mapped and 2 carrier aggregated 20 MHz LTE-A OFDM signals with 90 RBs are transmitted over SMF 20km, achieving EVM variations below 1%.
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