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Scattering performance of a reflectarray using a log-periodic dipole array (LPDA) element is demonstrated numerically and experimentally. The LPDA element and the reflectarray are designed using method of moments (MoM). The designed 10 × 1 reflectarray was fabricated using a 3D printing technology. A bistatic radar cross section (BRCS) of the designed reflectarray was measured in a radio anechoic...
This study presents the potentials of 3D printing in the utilization of passive RFID components on a cotton substrate. New types of 3D-printable conductive materials, graphene ink and stretchable silver conductor, are used in antenna fabrication. Our measurement results confirm that both types of wireless components reach high performance: the achievable read ranges of the graphene and stretchable...
A rectangular ultra-wide band (UWB) cavity-backed slot antenna manufactured by combining 3D printing and inkjet printing technology is introduced in this paper. The antenna substrate is made of polylactic acid (PLA) and is fabricated by using fusion deposition modeling (FDM). Two different infills are used for the slot area and for the area corresponding to the microstrip ground plane to reduce waste...
Herein, design and manufacturing of an X-band pyramid horn antenna using 3-D printer is studied with its experimental results. X-band is used for the military purposes with the marine and satellite technology based on the geographic discovery. Horn antennas are especially very preferable in these applications since they can be built easily at the different types depending on their utilizations and...
This paper presents pyramidal horn antennas operating at 28 GHz, which are manufactured by 3D printing technology. A printed antenna based on a WR-28 waveguide standard gain horn designed for 20 dBi gain is then metalized using two different methods. Copper tape and conductive copper paint are applied to the 3D printed geometry surface. A full-wave electromagnetic simulator, HFSS, is used to design...
Nowadays 3D printers are useful for the development and rapid prototyping of dielectric structures for radiation manipulation and support of antennas. This is possible since the materials used in this machines are essentially dielectric. These can be used as radiating elements (dielectric resonators), as radiation handlers (lenses) or as a supporting base for applying conductive material to radiation...
A novel compact dual-polarized unidirectional wideband antenna based on two crossed magneto-electric dipoles is proposed. The proposed miniaturization method consist in transforming the electrical filled square dipoles into vertical folded square loops. The surface of the radiating element is reduced to 0.23λ0∗0.23λ0, where λ0 is the wavelength at the lowest operation frequency for a standing wave...
This paper presents three low cost 3D printed antenna concepts for integration with a miniature mm-wave platform. The proposed solutions are optimized to operate in mm-wave ISM band (122GHz-123GHz). Different, inexpensive, detachable antennas can be used with the same platform for various RF sensing applications such as food safety, health and industrial.
A low profile dual-polarized unidirectional wideband antenna based on two crossed magneto-electric dipoles is proposed. The antenna consists in folding the radiating element, the height of the radiation element is reduced to 0.11λ0 where λ0 is the wavelength at the lowest operation frequency for a standing wave ratio (SWR) <2 corresponding to a reduction factor of 37%. The antenna has been prototyped...
A 3D printed reflectarray antenna is designed for operation at 60 GHz. The design methodology is based on the all-metal reflectarray approach in which the required reflection phase distribution is achieved by controlling the depths of the rectangular grooves on the reflecting surface. The metallic grooved surface is conveniently fabricated using 3D printing technology followed by metallization via...
Additive manufactured prototypes based on a novel inverted-F antenna design are presented and measured results discussed. Radiation efficiency is computed with the aid of a Wheeler cap box; the resulting ratio of the antenna's quality factor to the lower limit described by Chu is shown to be 1.9 for a spherical variant. Measured and simulated S-parameter results show good agreement, with some evident...
A circularly polarized patch antenna fabricated using commercially available, low-cost, printers is described. Two additive processes are combined for the fabrication: stereolithography (SLA) and inkjet printing of silver inks. A widely available SLA 3D printer is employed to fabricate the substrate of the antenna. Inkjet printing is used to deposit the metallic layers of the radiating element on...
Effects of using air voids to vary the effective permittivity of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) TP20280 thermoplastic filament have been investigated. Measurements of the relativity permittivity and loss tangent of 3D printed substrates with different infill fractions have been made. A 3D printer has been used to manufacture heterogeneous antenna substrates, allowing for extra degrees of design...
In this paper, a dual circular polarized (CP) spherical conformal antenna array is designed based on a 3D printing framework. The 3D printing technology is employed to simplify the manufacturing process and reduce the cost. There are 23 elements arranged on the hemispherical surface with an optimized distribution. It also has the ability to scan a beam within the hemispherical coverage.
In this paper, a substrate integrated conformal antenna based on a 3D-printing conical pedestal is demonstrated. This array is mounted on a cone with a radius on the top of 15 mm and a radius on the bottom of 35 mm. It is synthesized at the center frequency of 35 GHz. It is not an easy task to fabricate a non-planar structure, thus the 3D printing technology is used to fabricate the cone. This method...
A method to measure an antenna's performance when mounted to an electrically large and complex-shaped spacecraft is described. In the past, either time-intensive numerical simulations or antenna range measurements of an expensive full-scale model of the spacecraft were used to determine the antenna's performance. An alternative method fabricated a reduced-size scaled spacecraft model using 3-D printing...
In this paper, we propose a metallized 3D printed cavity for K-band imaging and investigate the effect of metallization type on mode diversity and image reconstruction. The 3D printed cavity acts as a frequency-diverse aperture and is capable of imaging objects in an all-electronic manner utilizing computational imaging techniques. We demonstrate that metallization material choice can increase the...
An antenna design technique that makes use of axial symmetry to realize efficient wideband or multiband operation is presented. The antenna is created by optimizing a two-dimensional profile using a global optimization strategy such as the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Strategy (CMA-ES) and sweeping the curve around an axis to form a solid body of revolution. A method-of-moments simulation...
3D printing opens new possibilities for system design, prototyping and manufacturing. Development time can be shortened, prototyping is cheaper and novel designs can be implemented with greater ease than earlier. In this paper we present a UAV wing section with an embedded wideband waveguide and antenna structure covering 7.5 to 18GHz. The design was computer simulated, produced with a 3D printer...
The use of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for manufacturing complex-shaped objects with high accuracy has increased in recent years. In this paper, experimental work is carried out to study the feasibility of using 3D printing technology for realizing a tag antenna for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications. The proposed tag antenna is designed for the North American RFID frequency...
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