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Recently, a tremendous interest has been concentrated on the design and development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) — distributed systems comprised of numerous wireless, sensor devices deployed densely in a sensing area. Battery powered sensors need efficient management due to limited energy resources, and energy conservation is a vital design issue that needs to be boosted in order to increase...
Recent advances in technology propelled the development of resource constrained tiny devices and the concept of Internet of Things (IoT). Potential applications spanning various fields of science from environmental to medical have been emerged. Different architectures, routing protocols, performance issues and goals have been suggested. In this work, we review fundamental concepts, recent developments...
Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) is an upcoming technology that supplements wired infrastructure with wireless backbone to provide Internet connectivity to mobile nodes (MN) or users in residential areas and offices. Here the each wireless backbone node operates both as a wireless router that forwards packets of other nodes & as a wireless bridge transmitting the packets of its clients WMN has the...
RPL (the IETF Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks) and LRP (Lightweight Routing Protocol) have in common to build a collection tree (or, more precisely, a DODAG) and "downward" host routes in the wireless sensor network. Additionally, the objective of LRP is to keep control overhead as low as possible. To substantiate this claim, we compare RPL and LRP using 40 nodes of the...
Communication is one of essential elements of our life. In some cases, we need wireless links to support data transmission such as television relay. But the existing GPRS and other network often need the support of power transmission line. And in the remote areas, the transmission rate of traditional network is very slow. In this paper, the development and realization of wireless self-organization...
Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning is critical and mandatory in any Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). Routing protocols for this kind of networks need to be very efficient and lightweight algorithms need to be developed as WBANs are wireless interconnection of resource constrained miniaturized sensors either implanted or worn in/on the body. Optimization of Delay QoS parameter is very important...
Low Power and Lossy Networks (LLN) are characterized by stringent energy constraints and frequent communication errors. Recent research in the area of LLNs has focused in solving many issues like security, energy efficiency, and routing. RPL is a new routing protocol proposed for LLNs by IETF ROLL group. RPL provides opportunities for improving overall performance of LLN by providing mechanisms for...
Wireless sensor network is composed of many wireless sensor nodes with the same or different functions. A typical sensor node consists of four parts: sensor unit, information processing unit, wireless communication unit and energy supply unit. In this paper, the existing ant colony algorithm is analyzed, and an improved ant colony optimization algorithm is proposed. The paper presents design of routing...
Link quality protocols employ link quality estimators to collect statistics on the wireless link either independently or cooperatively among the sensor nodes. Furthermore, link quality routing protocols for wireless sensor networks may modify an estimator to meet their needs. Link quality estimators are vulnerable against malicious attacks that can exploit them. A malicious node may share false information...
The instability of wireless links makes the choice of forwarding nodes have too many possibilities in opportunistic routing. In this paper, the Markov decision process (MDP) is used to model the whole packet forwarding process from the source node to the destination node, which facilitates making reasonable decisions when the sender selects the forwarding nodes. By solving a finite-state MDP problem,...
Wireless sensor network is a collection of several nodes in a network capable of sharing information in wireless medium. Due to the presence of wireless medium it is highly vulnerable to network attacks. WSN has many applications ranging from monitoring of environment to highly restricted military and surveillance where security is a major requirement. The most common and dangerous attack which can...
Wireless sensor network is one of the most important supporting technologies in the Internet of things, this paper studies the low power hierarchical routing protocol in the water environment. Energy is a vital problem in water environment. Wireless sensor network is composed of many wireless sensor nodes, which is a flexible and adaptive network. This paper studies the problem of low power consumption...
The paper will develop a wireless sensor network suitable for the medical scene of smart community for the elderly in the community to provide quality health care services for the elderly. The project will improve positioning accuracy of the elderly in the smart community through the study of positioning algorithm. Meanwhile, the project will design a routing protocol most appropriate for medical...
Wireless Body Area networks (WBANs) are a subset of wireless sensor networks that interconnect miniaturized nodes with sensor or actuator capabilities in, on, or around a human body. WBANs offer number of routing protocols i.e., CICADA etc., but inefficient usage of network resources may lead to premature network failure. To increase energy efficiency, reliability and network load balancing, this...
A WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) is made out of various number of hubs each of which comprise of detecting gadgets or sensing device to gather information from environment. These detecting gadgets are given processing unit to perform operations on information. These gadgets are conveyed arbitrarily in remote environment, because of which battery charging or substitution is not viewed as down to earth...
Increased life expectancy and rising medical expenses impose big issues for proper health care and monitoring. Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs), a group of small sensor nodes attached inside, on or around the human body, were introduced to meet this requirement. On body topology disconnections occur due to ultra short range radio links, unpredictable RF attenuation and human postural body movements...
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) has gain a lot of popularity due to much technological advancement in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs). VANET provides safety and entertainment services to vehicle users. Therefore, constrained safety is a prominent feature for VANETs. Since the vehicular nodes typically moves fast than the nodes movement in other network such as Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs),...
The successful deployment of low-power wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in real application environments is a much broader exercise than just the simple instrumentation of the intended monitoring site. Many problems, from node malfunctions to connectivity issues, may arise during commissioning of these networks. These need to be corrected on the spot, often within limited time, to avoid undesired delays...
Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) is newly emerged and developed branch of Wireless sensor technology. In UWSN small sensor nodes with limited battery and limited memory are deployed in underwater environment. Due to multiple differences from terrestrial Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), radio waves cannot be used in underwater communication. Acoustic channels are used for communication in sea...
As Internet of Things (IoT) and smart devices are becoming widespread, expectations for large-scale ad-hoc networks are increasing. To accommodate a large number of nodes, ad-hoc networks should use multiple channels. Thus, dynamic channel switching methods in multi-channel ad-hoc networks have been investigated to control congestion of the channel. However, such channel switching has a considerable...
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