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Optical wireless communication (OWC) has recently been considered as one of the efficient and supportive technologies in automotive applications that drive attraction both in R&D and in their practical applications. Exchanging information about the relative directional position of each vehicle together with front and rear-facing direction is significant for fast, accurate and reliable communication...
High-speed image sensors, designed for machine vision and control, provide the “eyes” for autonomous and connected vehicle. A noteworthy feature of high-speed image sensors is their ability to be used as a reception device for visible light communication (VLC) signals. Due to the massive number of pixels available and the ability to spatially separate sources, a signal-receiving pixel in the image...
The vehicle positioning functionality using global position system (GPS) for intelligent transport system has its inherent limitation because it cannot provide the required accuracy for many safety applications and support any service in areas where a GPS signal is not available. The recently emerging visible light communications (VLC), which uses the visible light source as a signal transmitter,...
In image sensor based VLC, transmitter acquisition and tracking are critical issue. However, the fluctuation of the VLC transmitter in the image plane caused by vehicle movement, complicates correct data reception. Therefore, in this paper, we present results of channel fluctuation measurements for infrastructure-to-vehicle VLC (I2V-VLC), vehicle-to-infrastructure VLC (V2I-VLC), and vehicle-to-vehicle...
This paper addresses an agent and high resolution image sonar based underwater vehicle's localization method for underwater docking. A novel concept of AUV docking system is proposed. The agent and the support AUV are connected with a tether. For sensing, the agent uses the optical camera and the AUV uses the image sonar. For the agent's localization, the AUV's image sonar guides the agent, wide range...
Comphotogrammetry is a "coined word" that describes the merger of camera communications and photogrammetry in which LED lights self-identify their location within a photographic image using camera communications. Camera communications (CamCom) is defined as the transmission of data via an LED light that is received via a camera image sensor. Multiple lights on a vehicle can be modulated...
In this paper, we propose inter-vehicular distance estimation scheme based on image sensor. The captured image by the image sensor includes the rear lamp of the forward vehicle. We have collected the angle information according to distance which is calculated from the vertical line of the midpoint between rear lamp and the position of the rear lamp. Through experiment, we found that it is possible...
Designing a driver assistance system has become a trend in the automotive technology to improve the security and efficiency of driving. However, there is no standard on-road database to verify the performance and effectiveness of algorithms. In this paper, an automotive vision database is created to assist researchers analyzing their designed algorithm in a more convincing way. The UNMC-VIER AutoVision...
In this paper a vision-based algorithm for on-line estimation of position control errors in a guidance system for path tracking is presented. The algorithm uses techniques of pattern recognition, however with a high degree of morphological simplifications. The algorithm detects the path line stretch which is displayed in the actual frame, and estimates the slope of the line and its midpoint. Moreover,...
This paper presents a vehicle driving simulator system with a traffic oriented visual modeler and a novel human-computer interaction way. Especially, the driving is based on mixed reality technology which is equipped with a webcam and a paper printed with controlling markers. Then the paper is used as the virtual wheel to control the motion of the vehicle. At such low cost, many people can enjoy the...
The occupancy grid is a popular tool for probabilistic robotics, used for a variety of applications. Such grids are typically based on data from range sensors (e.g. laser, ultrasound), and the computation process is well known. The use of stereo-vision in this framework is less common, and typically treats the stereo sensor as a distance sensor, or fails to account for the uncertainties specific to...
This paper investigates the feasibility of classifying winter road surface conditions using images from low cost cameras mounted on regular vehicles. RGB features along with gradients have been used as feature vectors. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) is trained using the extracted features and then used to classify the images into their respective categories. Different training schemes and their effect...
The comprehension of dynamic objects in the environment is a major concern of prospective assistance systems. Among the relevant dynamic objects are not only road users, but also parts of the traffic infrastructure: Traffic lights switch between different light colors to manage traffic at intersections. We propose a camera-based approach to incorporate the visual information of traffic lights. Assistance...
This paper proposes a method of lane marker detection for platooning. In order to reduce air resistance, it is desirable to shorten the distance between two vehicles. If the vehicular gap is very short, conventional methods, which detect lane markers ahead in images captured from a front camera, are useless because lane markers are occluded by a vehicle in front. To solve this problem, the proposed...
This paper proposes a novel vehicle detection system based on shift of a feature plane, which consisted of feature points on a front surface of vehicle, using in-vehicle camera for following vehicles' observation. We find that the feature plane of the vehicle's front surface shifts in accordance with the affine transform. We perform experiments and evaluate performances of our system. As results,...
This paper presents a computer vision-based approach to tracking surrounding vehicles and estimating their trajectories, in order to detect potentially dangerous situations. Images are acquired using a camera mounted in the egovehicle. Estimations of the distance, velocity and orientation of other vehicles on the road are obtained by detecting their lights and shadow. Because 3D information is not...
The most prevailing approach now for parking lot vehicle detection system is to use sensor-based techniques such as ultrasound and infrared-light sensors. A few engineering firms provide camera-based systems, which are only for underground and indoor parking lots due to the poor accuracy of the detector. The main impediments to the camera-based system in applying to outdoor parking lots are adherent...
Polarimetric scene phenomenology yields a remote sensing modality that can be used in tandem with or alternative to panchromatic, multispectral, hyperspectral, or infrared intensity imagery. A synthetic image generator boasting a validated polarimetric modality is extremely valuable when testing optical polarimeter models prior to construction and flight test of real sensor hardware and software....
Attitude determination is of major importance in Guidance and Control Systems of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV's). Supplying wrong or not precise attitude very often turns to be catastrophic for the UAV's. Vision sensors are must nowadays. They provide reach source of information given as relative measurements between the vehicle navigation parameters (position, velocity and attitude) and the...
The recognition of potentially hazardous situations on road intersections is an indispensable skill of future driver assistance systems. In this context, this study focuses on the task of vehicle tracking in combination with a long-term motion prediction (1-2 s into the future) in a dynamic scenario. A motion-attributed stereo point cloud obtained using computationally efficient feature-based methods...
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