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Saving energy is a very critical issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) because sensor nodes have a severe resource constraints such as lack of processing power and limited in power supply. Since the communication is the most energy consuming activities in WSNs, the power use for transmission or reception of packet should be managed properly. Transmission power control (TPC) technique is one of...
This paper addresses the polytype target coverage problem for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HWSNs) with clustered configurations. This problem is formulated as an integer programming (IP) problem for maximizing the whole lifetime of HWSNs. We present an energy-efficient target coverage algorithm (ETCA) to solve this problem and balance the energy consumption of sensor nodes. Each sensor...
Data gathering is a major function of many applications in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, An Effective Data Gathering scheme for heterogeneous energy WSNs (EDGA) is proposed. EDGA achieves a good performance in terms of lifetime by minimizing energy consumption for in-network communications and balancing the energy load. EDGA adopt a simple but efficient method to solve the area coverage...
In order to reduce power consumption, many previously proposed MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) use a periodical active/sleep scheme. However, this scheme may not adapt to varying traffic conditions. A new throughput-adaptive MAC protocol (TA-MAC) is proposed in this paper, where overhearing nodes try to notify nodes a few hops away about the current transmission, therefore the latter...
Energy minimization is of great importance in wireless sensor networks in extending the battery lifetime. Accurately understanding the energy consumption characteristics of each sensor node is a critical step for the design of energy saving strategies. This paper develops a detailed probabilistic model based on Petri nets to evaluate the energy consumption of a wireless sensor node. The model factors...
Low latency for packet delivery, high throughput, good reactivity, and energy-efficient operation are key challenges that MAC protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have to meet. Since traffic patterns as well as network load may change during network lifetime, adaptability of the protocol stack, e.g. in terms of duty cycling, and the integration of reliable transport mechanisms are mandatory...
In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), a tradeoff between the network lifetime (limited by energy of sensors) and redundancy of actively sensing and communicating sensors (induced by coverage requirements for the measured area) has to be established, typically in an over-deployed environment. This is achieved by scheduling algorithms which periodically alternate the state of sensors between "asleep"...
Most of the research work has shown that homogeneous ad hoc networks have poor performance, connectivity and scalability. Heterogeneous sensor network (HSN) consists of physically different types of sensor nodes. The feasibility of implementing elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) in HSN is simulated in this approach. It utilizes elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) by using pseudo-random polynomial...
To resolve the problem of traditional energy-saving algorithm, CCEB algorithm is brought forward combining coverage control policy with energy balance policy. Firstly the coverage control of taking ??active?? and ??dormancy?? nodes turns builds minimal coverage set to realize the nodes working in turns. Secondly the minimal coverage set must be divided into clusters renewedly and the cluster heads...
Energy efficiency is of the utmost importance in wireless sensor networks. The family of low-power-listening MAC protocols was proposed to reduce one form of energy dissipation-idle listening, a radio state for which the energy consumption cannot be neglected. Low-power-listening (also called channel probing) MAC protocols are characterized by a duty cycle: a node probes the channel every ti s of...
With the deployment of sensor network applications there is lot of breakthrough in digital or smart sensor designs. These smart sensors have a dedicated processor which allows interfacing to many sensors which measure ambient readings of temperature, pressure and humidity of the environment. These sensors once calibrated they function independently running using a self-powered battery which operates...
A principal factor in sensor network design is energy efficiency. In this work, we propose to extend the lifetime of sensor networks using appropriate choice of sensor node distribution. The key idea of our scheme is to deploy more nodes in areas of extensive energy usage. Using this scheme of sensor node distribution, we use probabilistic angular routing to route data packets from the sensor nodes...
Sink mobility has become an increasingly important requirement of various sensor network applications. Handling such mobile sink conditions brings new challenges to large-scale sensor networking. This investigation proposed a hybrid-structure routing protocol (HSRP) that combines the benefits of grid-based and cluster-based structures. Grid-based structure is designed to solve the cluster head selection...
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