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In recent years, thermoelectric generator (TEG) is expected as a power supply source for wireless sensor nodes. An open circuit voltage of TEG is proportional to a temperature difference between each side of TEG. TEG has a maximum power point (MPP) because of the large internal resistance. Therefore, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control is needed to track the MPP against temperature variation...
In order to reduce the ripple of DC-link voltage and capacitor current, this paper presents a method to select suitable capacitance for the rectifier (full-wave controlled) and inverter. Meanwhile, a braking unit is developed to prevent the overvoltage of DC bus. The impact of the length of cable, connected between the braking unit and the inverter, is researched from a mathematical point of view...
This paper proposes a secondary side hysteretic Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control technique that employs a switch and hysteresis comparator to realize constant current charging for the variable load. The switch parallels with the secondary side rectifier and is controlled by the hysteretic PWM signals. Two working modes, named as short circuit mode and rectify mode, are used to adjust the power...
Three-phase rectifier topology is given first, on this basis, analyzing the differences of seven-segment SVPWM modulation method and five-segment SVPWM modulation method, and show two kinds of duty ratio calculation formula in different sectors. And then consider the influence of DC-bus voltage, temperature and the IGBT junction temperature on the loss of IGBT, giving different calculation methods...
Various domestic appliances use the Direct Current (DC) for its operation such as chargers, TV and DVD sets, laptops etc. However, the powers supplied in homes are Alternating Current (AC), 220/230V 50Hz. Several rectifiers have been developed over the time to convert this AC to DC (suitable for devices or appliances) and the better option among them is the diode bridge rectifier. In terms of power...
In this paper, we develop an analytical model of a rectifier circuit that is used in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems, considering the switching timing, ON/OFF resistance, and load characteristics of the rectifier. The model enables us to estimate the performance of the rectifier and optimum load resistance that maximizes the output power and the power efficiency. The model can be extended into...
A new 60 V rating split gate trench MOSFET fabricated with the state-of-the-art process technology has been investigated and evaluated in the secondary synchronous rectifier board. It shows the best-in-class specific resistance of 10.9 mΩ·mm2 and the figure-of-merit (FOM) of 85 mΩ·nC which is the product of the on-resistance and the gate charge.
In order to make a quantitative analysis of the power loss in wireless power transfer system, a comprehensive analysis of all the losses of a magnetic resonant wireless power transfer system is presented in this paper. The skin effect, proximity effect and high frequency radiation is also taken into account in coils whose internal AC resistance and high frequency radiation resistance are presented...
Powering active implantable devices is challenging. Implants must be small and have a long lifetime. Wireless power offers energy over the life of the device. Using integrated circuits for managing wireless power transfer allows for a small implant. Often when implemented in CMOS, a synchronous rectifier is used to achieve AC-DC conversion. Current spikes can occur in the rectifier and must be considered...
In this paper, a new switched-mode bidirectional bridgeless AC/DC converter, operating in the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), for automotive energy harvesting is presented. The simple topology consisting of common source n-MOSFETs allows for direct AC/DC conversion, minimum auxiliary circuits and simple gating patterns, when compared to other AC/DC converters proposed in the literatures. The...
This work proposes the use of inductive links in order to wirelessly power autonomous sensors. In order to increase the powering distance and the power efficiency, resonant tanks were considered. To drive the transmitting resonant network, a commercial class D amplifier was used. Working frequency was restricted to 150 kHz. Commercial magnetic-core coils were selected as they provide high coil values...
In this paper, the design of a class E synchronous rectifier, working in the 900 MHz frequency band and based on an Enhancement-mode Pseudomorphic High Electron Mobility Transistor (E-PHEMT), is proposed. Thanks to its small on-state resistance and its slightly positive threshold voltage, this type of device may offer an excellent performance when operated as a switch without biasing its gate terminal...
This paper presents a design and construction of LED driver circuit for a specific type of high power LED with Class-D zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) series-resonant converter. In the proposed design, the application consists of a 50 W, 50 kHz switching converter, designed to drive a 1750 lm white-light, solid-state lamp. The efficiency of the resonant power LED driver is considerably higher compared...
Non-standard conditions in the power network such as voltage unbalance negatively affect operation of electric drives. The unbalance can be caused by a failure in the network or by an unbalanced load in the vicinity of the affected drive. Unsymmetrical voltages at the input of a voltage source inverter cause pulsations in the DC-link voltage when not properly taken care of. This may result in a significant...
A direct power control (DPC) scheme for three-phase PWM rectifier based on sliding-mode variable structure control theory is presented. Compared with the traditional PI controller, the proposed scheme is much more robust with better transient performance, lower total harmonic distortion (THD) and simpler tuning of parameters. Modeling and simulation done in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment shows that the...
This paper presents an analysis of the effect of duty ratio on power loss and efficiency of the transcutaneous energy transmission system (TETS) with a class-E power amplifier. Conduction loss for each component of the TETS circuit is derived and the total efficiency of the TETS is expressed as functions of the duty ratio D . Three identical TETS at D = 0.25 , 0.5 and 0.75 are designed, constructed...
This paper presents techniques for loss minimization in ultra-high current low-voltage power supplies. The use of synchronous rectification using MOSFETs offers the advantage of reducing the conduction losses significantly compared to conventional rectification, with the possibility of achieving almost zero conduction losses through parallel connection. The design considerations for paralleling MOSFETs...
The current advances in ultra-low power design let foresee great opportunities in energy harvesting platforms for self-powered systems. This paper presents a switching conversion scheme based on active control for harvesting energy with a higher efficiency than traditional approaches. The approach has been validated for piezoelectric energy harvesters with mixed-signal circuital simulations of non-linear...
PFC converters for higher power are commonly designed for continuous conduction mode (CCM). However, at light load, discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) will appear close to the crossover of the line voltage, causing the converter to switch between the two conduction modes. As a result, the converter dynamics change abruptly, producing input current distortion. In this article a piecewise affine approximation...
This paper is concerned with the design and simulation of a pulse width modulation (PWM) rectifier for three-phase Permanent Magnetic motor drive. Based on the mathematical model of PWM rectifier, the dual-close-loop engineering design with decoupled feed-forward control is applied in the 3-phase voltage source rectifier. The objective to be reached is to realize unity power factor at the input ac...
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