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The pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is the causal agent of pine wilt disease (PWD). This nematode is considered to be an indigenous to North America and was introduced to Japan in the late 19th century. Subsequently, it has spread throughout Japan and in many other countries, China, Taiwan, and South Korea. In 1999, B. xylophilus was discovered in Portugal, and in 2008 in Spain...
Seedling seed orchard (SSO) growing conditions are different to those in the forest. Trees grow in wide spacing with more access to sunlight and competition between trees is less intense causing larger annual rings and limited height growth. The objective of this research was to: 1) determine the density and mechanical properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood grown in an SSO and 2) suggest...
At the Koźmin Las site, in Central Poland, in the middle section of the Warta River valley, a series of well-preserved tree trunks and in situ stumps, as well as organic deposits, have been found. The tree remains are dated back to the period between 13,000–12,600 cal BP, i.e. to the Alleröd/Younger Dryas transition. The forest consisted predominantly of pines (Pinus sylvestris L.) of a maximum age...
The activation energy of swelling sap of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) in water. This paper shows the results of the activation energy of swelling sapwood of pine wood in water. The results showed that activation energy value range from 4.8 to 10.7 kJ/mol. It is also noted that its depend on the density.
The paper proposes the production of a three-layer MDF instead one layer boards. Three-layer panels have been made from fibers of varying dimensions for the outer and the core layers. The outer layers were produced from standard fibers, while the core layer from longer and thicker fibers (of lower pulp freeness). In order to determine the optimal technological parameters in the production of three...
Effect of temperature of thermo-mechanical treatment of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) veneers upon gloss and wettability. The aim of investigations was determination of gloss and wettability of pine wood veneers after thermo-mechanical treatment. Rotary cut veneer sheets of pine wood and moisture content of 5% were chosen for the experiments. In laboratory hydraulic press was densification at temperatures...
Influence of thermal modification of Scots pine wood (Pinus syhestris L.) on color changes. This study describes experiments of testing color of heat treated wood samples. Heat treatment was done at 150, 160, 170 i 180 °C during 2,5 h in over heated steam. Color measurcment was made according CIE LCh system. The experiment show that thermally treatment caused darkening of wood. The higher temperature...
Influence of pine wood (Pinus syhestris L.) thermal modification on the withdrawal force of screws. In the study the force required to withdraw the screw from thermally treated pine wood was examined. Modification of pine wood was performed at a temperature range of 150 - 180°C. It was concluded that the process of wood modification does not significantly affect the force needed to pull a screw out,...
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