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Optical mapping is a high-throughput sequencing technology which carries long-range genome information at no risk of PCR artifacts. On account of its long span, optical maps leave much fewer gaps when used for genome assembly. However, a high risk of errors poses an enormous challenge to optical map assembly. Here we propose an iterative algorithm for de novo optical map assembly. In any iteration,...
This study proposes a novel cuffless photoplethysomgrphy (PPG) sensor for continuous blood pressure measurement. PPG is an optical noninvasive approach for sensing intravascular blood volume changes. The blood pressure algorithms are based on optical and fluid dynamic theories and the derived formula are verified by physical simulation as well as clinical experiment. Furthermore, in order to obtain...
All-optical ultrasound imaging, where ultrasound is generated photoacoustically and back-scattered fields are detected with optically resonant structures, has distinct advantages over conventional piezoelectric or capacitive transducers. An absence of electrical connections facilitates probe miniaturisation and confers MRI compatibility, while similar or better sensitivities and bandwidths can be...
Cancer is defined as a genetic and epigenetic disease involving the chemical and structural alteration of DNA. Because optical techniques measure overlapped and synthetic signals of materials, regardless of “ordering” features (such as the nucleotide order of a DNA sequence), it is difficult to sequence a genome to detect cancerous genetic changes using optical techniques. For this reason, previous...
Many imaging applications rely on sample illumination with known 3-D light distributions. As these 3-D light distributions must satisfy the wave equation, many variables such as the geometry and reflectance of the sample and its environment may cause changes. While in most applications this change is neglected, for many scanning applications where the scanning beam should preserve its characteristics...
We learn to compute optical flow by combining a classical spatial-pyramid formulation with deep learning. This estimates large motions in a coarse-to-fine approach by warping one image of a pair at each pyramid level by the current flow estimate and computing an update to the flow. Instead of the standard minimization of an objective function at each pyramid level, we train one deep network per level...
UrtheCast is currently developing advanced technology for its OptiSAR™ Constellation that comprises 8 tandem pairs of SAR and Optical Satellites in two orbit planes. The OptiSAR™ mission represents a capability shift in both spaceborne remote sensing and imagery exploitation.
Particles trapping and position control method based on microfluidic is proposed. The mechanism of particle displacement based on microfluidic is analyzed, and the effect of the parameters, for example, the radial error and the angle error of microtubules and microtubules arrangement, on particle control performance are evaluated quantitatively. The feasibility of the proposed method is proved by...
This paper analyzes the mean-square error performance of the popular PhaseLift algorithm for phase retrieval, which is the problem of recovering an unknown signal from the magnitudes of a collection of linear measurements of the signal. This problem arises in many physical systems where only magnitudes can be measured. Our analysis approach is based on a novel comparison lemma, which upper bounds...
Modern techniques for describing motion in videos are centred around velocity descriptors based on optical flow. Realizing that acceleration is as important as velocity for describing motion information, in this paper first we propose two different algorithms to compute optical acceleration. Delving deeper into the concept of optical acceleration, we use two descriptors: histogram of optical acceleration...
Authentication of people or objects using physical keys is insecure against secret duplication. Physical unclonable functions (PUF) are special physical keys that are assumed to be unclonable due to the large number of degrees of freedom in their manufacturing [1]. Opaque scattering media, such as white paint and teeth, comprise of millions of nanoparticles in a random arrangement. Under coherent...
Biochemistry analyzers are medical equipment which help to diagnose the state of our health very fast and the assays that are run are very accessible. A biochemical profile is a set of assays that evaluates the functions of internal organs, the enzymes that participate in reactions in our body and the level of electrolytes, which adjust the main vital functions. In order to obtain the best evaluation...
This paper presents the autopilot and the behavior of a “simulated bee” traveling along two different tunnels using both visual and control events. The computational gain of an event-based PID controller compared to its time-based version is usually discussed because the event detector is computationally expensive. By combining visual and control events, the newly suggested event-based autopilot requires...
Microresonators have an unmatched ability to detect the minute masses of single particles or biological cells. Precise measurement of cell mass, and its physical properties, is necessary to answer fundamental biological questions, with implications in cell biology, pharmacology, and medicine. This paper investigates the use of photonic-crystal-mediated optical trapping toward increasing the precision...
Detection of relative changes in circulating blood volume is important to guide resuscitation and manage variety of medical conditions including sepsis, trauma, dialysis and congestive heart failure. Recent studies have shown that estimates of circulating blood volume can be obtained from ultrasound imagery of the of the internal jugular vein (IJV). However, segmentation and tracking of the IJV is...
Three-dimensional (3D) biomedical image sets often have in-plane resolutions that are exceedingly higher than the out-of-plane spacing between images. Image interpolation can be used to reduce the effective out-of-plane spacing. Optical flow and/or other registration-based interpolators have proven useful in interpolating this type of data in the past. When acquired images are comprised of signals...
For the screening of any eye disease, the detection of Optic disc is a crucial step. In this paper, a novel and robust technique is proposed to detect the Optic nerve head (ONH) in the fundus image automatically. The proposed algorithm uses the directional characteristics of vessel structure and a set of characteristics of optic nerve head as the key factors for the detection. The ideas behind the...
The source-mask optimization (SMO) solution has become one of the most important branches of Resolution enhancement techniques (RET) to extend the imaging process window with next generation computation lithography, which improve the imaging capability of lithographic systems in the integrated circuit foundry manufacturing. Based on the SMO software RET Selection provided by Mentor Graphics Corporation,...
Optical Flow is an algorithmic tool used in motion vision task in order to get the movement 3D and its projection 2D in image sequences. Today a great number of approaches have been developed and others continue appear. However, in many applications the algorithm of Horn & Schunck continue being used due to their simplicity and parallel capacity. Evidence of this is the steady progress by the...
Because of the retinal lesions, non-uniform illumination, contrast and other effects, it is a challenging task to accurately detect and localize the optic disc in retinal image. The optic disc is a region of circular or elliptical shape with a higher luminance, and its size is substantially fixed. This paper presents a simple and effective algorithm for the detection of the optic disc by using a concentric...
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