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Based on previous research experience proved by simulated and experimental results a comparative discussion about advantages and disadvantages of using Vector Control or Direct Torque Control for PM-SM drives is presented.
Wheel hub drives provide the opportunity to control the torque at every wheel independently. Thus, safety functions like anti-lock braking system (ABS) or electronic stability control (ESC) can be implemented in the drives as well. This enables the substitution of friction brakes at the driven wheels by electric drives. In this paper, resulting requirements for the drive system are presented and an...
Energy saving is arguably the most important factor in issues regarding energy and carbon emission. For electric vehicles in particular, saving energy extends the driving range. This can be achieved with a highly efficient variable-speed drive that can cover a wide speed range, and changing the number of poles is one way of realizing such a drive. In addition, electric vehicles must be fault tolerant...
Efficiency improvements attainable with permanent magnet motors have been well documented. Some permanent magnet motors have been equipped with an induction cage in the rotor to allow direct on line starting. Designs of this type have been referred to as line start permanent magnet motors. A topic that has not received much attention is the use of this type of motor with an adjustable speed drive...
This paper deals with the electromagnetic, mechanical, and cooling solutions for an innovative direct-drive suited for steering gears on board ships. The work is comprised in a research project funded by the Italian Navy. The research aims to realize a full-electric and oil-free drive for actuation of hydraulic loads in the perspective of “more green ships”. The electrical drive proposed is based...
The energy conservation of motors becomes one of the most important areas of industrial energy saving. At present, the majority of motors in industrial applications is induction motors (IMs) which has huge potential for the efficiency improvement. The IMs are nowadays widely used in transportation fields as traction motors or for other electrical devices such as compressors, integrated starter generator,...
Advancing the turn-off angle of the phase current of brushless direct current (BLDC) motors is a common control practice to improve their behavior and efficiency (reduction of current peaks, copper losses, and breaking torques). This paper investigates a refined switching strategy for a single-phase BLDC motor with bifilar winding to increase the energy conversion efficiency of the system. In addition...
This paper presents the design and development of a 120W 3Ph Switched Reluctance Motor and associated Controller. The motor as well as controller design procedures are discussed. The motor is designed using the conventional analytical methods and the design is verified and fine tuned using FEMM software. The motor prototype has been fabricated and assembled. The Controller prototype consisting of...
This paper presents performance characteristics of a linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) for a transfer system. The performance characteristics of LSRM are compared with traditional transfer systems using a linear induction motor (LIM) a linear synchronous motor (LSM). As a result, it is confirmed that the thrust of the LSRM is larger than LIM of same physical size.
Efficiency is one of the most important characteristics of home appliances since there are tremendous amounts of units out in the market. Main factor effecting the efficiency of these home appliances is the efficiencies of the electrical motors used in them. A comparison is made for two particular motors used in washing machine; a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor and a Universal Motor. Comparison...
This paper describes the selection of brushless motors, propellers and battery for getting maximum time of hover for a quadrotor UAV. We also introduce a experimental testbed to measure various parameters of the system like torque, thrust, RPM, current and voltage. The static testbed is directly interfaced through MATLAB for real time data acquisition. We tested different motor and propeller combinations...
Simpler design of control system is the key advantage of DC motor. In recent decade, however use of dc motor in battery-operated electric vehicles (BEV) are declined spectacularly. Without significant improvement of efficiency of such system the use of dc motor in BEV will be objectionable. Regenerative braking is the possible way to improve the efficiency. In this paper a novel regenerative braking...
A holistic approach to determine the optimum number of phases m of an m-phase motor in combination with an m-leg inverter for electric vehicle applications is presented. The optimum offers a significant improvement of the torque and power by approximately 9.6% over the whole operating range in comparison to a 3-phase motor and therefore enhances the power and torque density without expanding the design...
Energy efficiency in pumping is affected by the motor efficiency. This paper studies the applicability of common electric motor types to an industrial pumping system by comparing the motor efficiency characteristics with each other, and by analysing how the motor efficiency and sizing affect the resulting pumping system energy consumption with a standard load profile. The objective of the paper is...
In order to reduce energy consumption, we have developed a technique that quickly reverses salient poles in permanent magnet (PM) motors. When this proposed technique is used, because of this permanent magnetization, PM motors can change negative salient poles to positive salient poles. This paper proposes a novel PM motor that uses our proposed technique to reverse saliency and describes the principle...
The miniaturization and high efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are desired in numerous applications. PMSMs have a number of design parameters in order to enable miniaturization and high efficiency. One such parameter is the ratio of the external diameter to the stack length (D/L). In this paper, we examine the effect of D/L on torque and efficiency in outer rotor surface permanent...
Motors using rare earth elements have high efficiency and torque density, but they have the drawback of a high price. Thus, this paper proposes the use of ferrite instead of rare earth elements to increase the torque density and decrease the material cost. This paper discusses models with structures that increase the flux per pole and saliency ratio. Using the finite element method, the models are...
To realize energy saving in electrical appliances and electric vehicles, it is necessary to reduce the power consumption of motors operating at variable speeds. We developed a technique that changes the poles of a permanent magnet (PM) motor depending on the speed. Here, we propose a novel PM motor that changes the number of poles without changing the winding connections and discuss its basic configurations...
In this paper, a new method for controlling power factor in permanent magnet synchronous motor has been proposed in order to improve efficiency and decrease losses. In order to reach a in-time control for power factor, we have focused on parameters like current angle, torque angle, stator voltage and current in d axis stator. To this end, current angle, torque angle and stator voltage are considered...
The advantages of using permanent magnets (PM) in electric motors to increase efficiency are well documented [1]. Due to the synchronous operating nature of a PM motor, most motors of this type are used in combination with a variable frequency drive (VFD). PM motors capable of direct on line (DOL) starting have been manufactured for over 30 years [2], but the application of this technology has historically...
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