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With the fast development of renewable energy, the traditional power system is unable to utilize and integrate distributed energy resources (DER) easily. Microgrids can integrate micro sources, distributed storage devices and active loads altogether and play an important role to link customers and micro sources. In this paper, several common micro sources such as wind turbine, microturbine and solar...
Mobile robots for surveillance applications require quiet, high-endurance power sources for their long mission run times. This need cannot be met by batteries alone due to their low energy density or with combustion engines due to noise. A hybrid system combining a high power Lithium ion battery with a high energy density fuel cell (FC) system is ideal for this application. A propane powered 200W...
The PEM Fuel cell are deliberated as one of the almost favourable devices for isolated/grid connected distributed generations (DGs) due to its cleanliness, modularity and higher potential capability. This paper presents the modeling and simulation for 1.2 kW PEM Fuel Cell Power Generation of Isolated Load conditions. The proposed scheme consists of a Fuel rate selector, Fuel rate regulator, Fuel cell...
This paper introduces the development of a PEM Fuel Cell (FC) emulator that mimics the behavior of an actual FC for real systems testing. The theoretical equations of the emulator are modeled on Matlab environment and programmed on a microcontroller for real time applications. The FC system is emulated by a high bandwidth buck converter controlled by the microcontroller holding the polarization curve...
Nowadays, no electrochemical energy system presents a competitive operation if compared with internal combustion engine, which is the reason for combining electrochemical energy systems to obtain a hybrid energy storage system. This paper presents a fuel cell-battery-ultracapacitor system for vehicle application. The objective of this paper is to present the Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR)...
This paper presents a control method for charging a battery as well as for controlling a fuel cell in a battery-fuel cell hybrid system. Due to the slow start up time of a PEM fuel cell it must be augmented by an alternative source to meet the fluctuation of power demands. This paper presents a hybrid fuel cell and battery system to serve a load. Additionally, based on the State of Charge (SOC) of...
This paper presents the development of a simple emulator for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. This emulator is built based on the dynamic model of PEM fuel cells using electrical circuits. The electrical circuit model has been modeled in Matlab Simulink environments. The double-layer charging effect characteristic inside the fuel cell is included in the models. The steady-state and transient...
This paper proposes a modified 4-phase paralleled step-up converter for fuel cell generator. In high power applications, the interleaving technique for paralleling input of the converter system has been studied for many years. Since component parasitic elements limit the practically realizable voltage-gain of any converter topology, this becomes a critical issue in the case of the classical step-up...
The steady states and dynamics of a fuel cell system are influenced by both operating conditions and the frequency characteristics of electrochemical reactions in a cell. A dynamic model of a practical fuel cell system, based on an analytical theory and empirical data, is proposed. The model consists of three parts, such as an open circuit voltage model including fuel flow and reaction in channels,...
The fuel cell has special electrical characteristics which set challenging requirements for power conditioning units. Many of these requirements origin from the operation principle and physical structure of the fuel cell and cannot be ignored in the design of power electronics. In this paper the operational requirements for power conditioning units are reviewed from the point of view of basic operation...
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