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Four technologies, combining mainly innovative solutions, offer the possibility of clean and flexible vehicles, all using only electricity. The main common components are contact-free energy transmission, storage on super-capacitors, holonome axles integrating wheel-motors and automatic guiding. Moreover, the complete energetic chain is managed by power electronics. Their applications are mainly in...
Recent environmental issues have accelerated the use of more efficient and energy saving technologies in any area of our daily life. One of the major energy consumptions is in the transportation area, especially in the automobile field. DC/DC chopper circuits for use in hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) and so on will be discussed in this paper from the view point...
The paper presents a complete summary of state-of-the-art techniques for current-based fault monitoring of low voltage permanent magnet synchronous machines commonly used in safety critical applications such as hybrid vehicles and backup generators. This includes detection of stator winding faults, and bearing faults. In addition, a fault tolerant strategy is presented which can be used to operate...
In this paper the well-known voltage and current DC-link converter systems, used to implement an AC/AC converter, are initially presented. Using this knowledge and their space vector modulation methods we show their connection to the family of indirect matrix converters and then finally the connection to direct matrix converters. A brief discussion of extended matrix converter circuits is given and...
For the first time, this paper analyses the turn-off-behaviour of the planar 1.2 kV/25 A NPT-CIGBT under clamped inductive load switching in detail through experiment and simulation. Turn-off behaviour of the CIGBT involves strong interaction between device and circuit parameters. The circuit parameter such as gate resistance was varied, in order to observe the di/dt, dv/dt and turn-off energy loss...
A simple but physical based one dimensional model is used to characterize the turn-off of high voltage IGBTs. The dependence of the overvoltage and the peak electric field on the gate driving conditions is analyzed. The transition from a triangular to a trapezoidal electric field has a major impact on the turn-off behaviour. If this transition occurs during the voltage slope, the dv/dt increases significantly...
An exact design method of circuit power loss is developed. The method is useful for designing high power density converters utilizing Si-IGBT/SiC-Shottky-barrier-diode (SiC-SBD) or high voltage Si-IEGT/SiC-PiN-diode hybrid pairs. For the exact power loss calculation, an empirical method to extract device model parameters is introduced. The calculation results of the power loss are compared with experimental...
A forward converter for switched mode power supply (SMPS) applications has been designed and realized, with a monolithic cascode device as active switch, looking for the performance enhancement. The operation of this device in a SMPS application is shown in detail, and results regarding electrical and thermal characteristics in comparison to the power MOSFET device solution are discussed. The experimental...
Here the switching and conducting performance of a SiC-JFET, an Emitter-Switching Bipolar Transistor (ESBT) and conventional power semiconductors as MOSFET and IGBT with Si- and SiC-diode is presented. The variety of power semiconductors is growing and there is a need to get rules to select them for the application given. The structure and special characteristics of the new devices are explained....
Health management and reliability form a fundamental part of the design and development cycle of electronic products. In this paper compact real-time thermal models are used to predict temperatures of inaccessible locations within the power module. These models are then combined with physics of failure based reliability analysis to provide in-service predictions of crack propagation in solder layers...
In this paper, results of laboratory investigation of representative samples of semiconductor silicon and silicon carbide power devices, such as PiN diode, Shottky diode, IGBT and JFET, are presented. With use of a thermal chamber the characteristics of temperature sensitive parameters for selected types of devices were determined by measurements within the range 25 - 150degC. The measurement was...
The performance of the new IGBT4 chip technology in PrimePACKtrade high power module housing is presented here together with the coreless transformer technology driver IC for the first time in this paper. These modules usually are driven using symmetrical gate drive voltage of +/-15 V. The driver presented here uses unsymmetrical gate drive voltage of -7V and +15V. This alternate approach results...
In this paper, we proposed a novel RESURFed double channels LIGBT which can achieve high breakdown voltage. The proposed structure, incorporating trench gate and planar gate, can significantly improve the capacity for handling high current and conductance modulation. P-top layer and deep n-drift/p-sub junction have been adopted, which results in a 745 V breakdown voltage with the drift length of 44...
Although the detrimental effect of single-event burnout on semiconductors has been known for over two decades, component manufacturers publish little related data. Through extensive testing, the authors have established trustworthy reliability figures and demonstrate that single-event burnout has a remarkably high impact on power converter failure rate. A standard testing method is proposed for improved...
Today power converters are present in many commercial, medical and industrial applications. A lot of them are high power and high current applications. In order to increase power handling capability several transistors or diodes are paralleled often. However such paralleling may lead to converterpsilas performance degradation or switches quick failure. A parallel modular converter built of many paralleled...
The maximization of energy transfer from a low-voltage source to a grid is investigated. The converter has two stages, a DC-DC converter followed by an inverter. Attention to the DC-DC converter losses shows how its energy transfer is maximized and found to be acceptable.
A newly-developed zero current soft-switching (ZCS)-PWM cell-assisted asymmetrical half-bridge (AHB) DC-DC converter topology with a high frequency (HF) link is presented in this paper. The soft-switching half-bridge DC-DC converter consists of a PWM-controlled single-ended half-bridge HF inverter and a center-tapped rectifier linked by a HF transformer. In order to attain the wide range of ZCS commutation...
A new low-leakage-inductance low-resistance design approach to low-voltage high-power isolated boost converters is presented. Very low levels of parasitic circuit inductances are achieved by optimizing transformer design and circuit lay-out. Primary side voltage clamp circuits can be eliminated by the use of power MOSFETs fully rated for repetitive avalanche. Voltage rating of primary switches can...
This paper reports on a novel modulation strategy for generation of band limited signals with binary switches, which was originally developed for audio power amplifiers, and on applying it to energy conversion. This modulation strategy has the extraordinary advantage that the signal band is free of harmonics or carrier intermodulation products. This so called ldquoZero-Position-Coding with Separated...
This paper presents a unique technique suitable for the generation of variable frequency sinusoidal waveforms with high quality. Arithmetic operations on the bit streams are performed through digital blocks. The proposed technique is simple and can be implemented on an field programmable gate array (FPGA). Results of a prototype single-phase inverter module with custom built power stage, are presented...
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