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Scale-free can be seemed as one of the most impacting discoveries in complex networks theory and has already been successfully proved to be highly effective in constructing error-tolerant topology structures of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). As in scale-free WSNs, a few key nodes possess most connections, requiring them to take excessive message-relay tasks. Due to this reason, the energy of these...
Safety and security in marine environments is an emerging application area of low-power wireless sensor networks. Yet, these environments pose big challenges to network reliability. The IEEE802.15.4-TSCH protocol has been extensively regarded as a reliable low-power wireless sensor network solution. It requires, though, an external scheduling mechanism in place to allocate connections to specific...
The routing algorithms for wireless sensor networks (WSN) are in process of optimization for addressing issues like energy conservation, delay and throughput in presence of limited resources in terms of memory, CPU processing power and power source (batteries). Although, it has not been possible to date, a development of routing algorithm addressing all the issues of WSN. Various tradeoffs exists...
Geographic Routing is suitable for the limited resource in wireless sensor networks and Ricci flow-based methods have been employed. Unfortunately, iterative process through previous methods may spend abundant energy in order to discovery route, which obviously effect their advantageous of this sort of schemes. In this paper, we focus on avoiding unnecessary iterations and propose an algorithm through...
In the past few years, the Internet of Things is driving the need for extending the Internet to constrained devices, including sensors and actuators. The IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low power and lossy networks (RPL) is appearing as an emerging IETF standard especially tailored for Low Power Area Networks (6LoWPAN). RPL constructs a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) according to an objective function that...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) may consist of a large number of resource-constrained sensor nodes. These nodes probe their surroundings and transmit their measurements over multi-hop routes to an in-situ Base-Station (BS). Given the critical role of the BS, it can be targeted by an adversary's attack. Basically, the adversary may intercept transmissions made by the individual nodes, even without...
Low power and lossy networks (LLNs) consist of devices having limited battery power, less memory, reduced processing capability. RPL (Routing Protocol for low power and Lossy networks), is an approved Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard routing protocol for IPv6-based LLNs. RPL uses a proactive routing approach and the sink or controller node within the network creates a Directed Acyclic...
Routing is an essential part of wireless sensor network and there are several methods proposed to make the scheme more energy efficient and optimal. Nowadays, many researchers are fascinated towards this topic and they have proposed typical hierarchical routing, cluster based routing, grid based routing, etc. This paper tries to make an attempt to provide a review of various hierarchical routing methodologies...
Unlike sporadic node failures, coverage holes emerging from multiple temporally-correlated node failures can severely affect quality of service in a network and put the integrity of entire wireless sensor networks at risk. Conventional topology control schemes addressing such undesirable topological changes have usually overlooked the status of participating nodes in the recovery process with respect...
Security issues for Wireless sensor network (WSN) is always crucial due to its nature. The limitation of computing resources and distributed properties in WSN makes the traditional security mechanisms no longer as feasible in protecting WSN as in wired networks. There is an emerging research area to discover the alternative solutions on trust and reputation mechanisms for WSNs nowadays. The recent...
Recently, IETF standardised a powerful and flexible Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL). It selects the ideal routes from a source to a destination node based on certain metrics injected into the Objective Function (OF). In this study, the performance of RPL has been investigated in terms of two OFs (i.e. Minimum Rank with Hysteresis Objective Function (MRHOF) and Objective Function...
Minimizing the energy consumption and hence extending the network lifetime is a key requirement when designing an efficient sensor network protocol. QoS-aware routing in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), aims to take into account other networks performance aspects as minimizing end-to-end delay (as well as jitter), reducing packet loss rate and minimizing the energy consumption of the network during...
Numerous topology control algorithms for wireless sensor networks exist. Typically, these algorithms optimize general network metrics like the transmission range of sensors. Being of general nature, they suit application-specific requirements insufficiently; e.g., application-specific communication patterns may favor links that the general algorithm will remove.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been widely considered as a promising solution to support different types of applications on industrial environments. Many of these applications impose strict dependability requirements, since a system failure may result in economic losses, or damage for human life or to the environment. The absence of an effective approach enabling the dependability evaluation...
A fuzzy metric for the Collection Tree Protocol (CTP) algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is proposed. This metric incorporates node energy level and congestion along with the traditional link quality parameter used in CTP with an aim of making CTP energy and congestion aware. The performance of the fuzzy metric based CTP is evaluated and compared with the original CTP algorithm, in a TinyOS...
Understanding network behavior under challenges is essential to constructing a resilient and survivable network. Due to the mobility and wireless channel properties, it is more difficult to model and analyze MANETs (mobile ad hoc networks) under various challenges. Previously, we have modeled network attacks based on a priori complete knowledge of network structure and mobility. In this paper, we...
Localized topology control is attractive for generating reduced topologies with desirable features such as sparser connectivity and reduced transmit powers. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient localized topology control algorithm called X-LMST in order to achieve prolonged network lifetime. In X-LMST, each node is required to keep its one-hop neighborhood topology. Moreover, in X-LMST, a...
Locating lossy nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is difficult due to the large amount of sensor nodes, and their limited resources. The state-of-the-art work frames lossy node localization in WSNs as an optimal sequential testing problem guided by end-to-end data. It combines both active and passive measurements to minimize testing cost and number of iterations. However, this hybrid approach...
There is a growing need to develop new tools to help end users in tasks related to the design, monitoring, maintenance and commissioning of industrial processes. The complexity of the industrial environment requires that these tools have flexible features in order to provide valuable data at the early planning and design phases. Furthermore, it is known that industrial processes have stringent requirements...
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