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The worldwide market for luxury and fashion goods is dominated today by a handful of multinational corporations (MNCs). The way MNCs access foreign markets and organize distribution, however, remains unclear. In this paper, based on an analysis of foreign trade statistics, we take the example of watches and provide a model to highlight the most important flows as well as regional hubs in this global...
Climate change is putting global pressure for energy consumption and production to move towards sustainable solutions based on clean energy sources. Rapid advancements in technology make energy generation and storage solutions available and affordable for consumers and enable them to become relevant actors in the energy process. The actual success of sustainable energy solutions is however not so...
In order to limit global warming on 2°C, the European Council confirmed the objective of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80% by 2050, with milestones in 2030 and 2040 to reduce emissions by 40% and 60% respectively, compared to 1990 levels. The reduction requires that sectors of the economy adapt to the new environmental policies in order to remain competitive on the global landscape, specially...
The sales potentials for automotive companies in Europe are decreasing and emerging markets, such as the BRIC-states or the ASEAN countries, are in the focus of European automobile manufacturer's attention. However, the OEMs have to face different challenges in the market development process of these high potential markets. Car manufacturers and suppliers struggle with the decision of following a...
This study examines why shipbuilding firms use both standardized and customized design, and analyzes the impact of design architecture choices on competitiveness. Case study findings suggest that Hyundai Heavy Industry Corporation (HHIC) adopts package unit development strategy for cost competitiveness. HHIC's product development processes utilize package unit design to its suppliers which then provide...
Organisation of work and application of technology in the port of the future is likely to change within the forthcoming decade. This paper presents a scenario analysis with a time horizon of 2025. The analysis is anticipating and projecting the key factors which influence the appearance of the port of the future. Four scenarios spanned between the extremes of the dimensions "Human Work Organization...
Decentralized generation on the owners premises can be used on-site which we call auto-consumption. In a system with energy based (volumetric) network charges this reduces network income and in turn causes higher network charges on remaining usage with redistributional effects among customers. We estimate the effect from PV auto-consumption in Germany to be small in many network areas but significant...
The decision of the European Union to tighten climate policy has introduced new goals for the energy supply industry. The emission of CO2 is to be reduced by 43% from 2005 levels. Additionally, the share of renewables in the total energy consumption should reached 27% in 2030. Such new targets will have significant impact on power production technologies, in particular in the edge countries where...
In an era of economic crisis and serious environmental constraints, the transition to sustainability enters dynamically the debate over long-term preservation and welfare at a systemic level. Tourism is a resource- (capital, human and natural) demanding sector; this paper explores the variety and diversity of methodological approaches and tools employed in the evaluation of tourism, and their potential...
In China over the recent years, solar energy and other renewable energy sources have been expected to become not only promising tools against climate change but also a key economic growth driver. Particularly, growth of Chinese photovoltaic cell makers has attracted global attention. However, recently the United States and the European Commission have approved a phased introduction of punitive anti-dumping...
This paper has derived from empirical generation methodologies of indexes which are mainly focus on sustainability or environmental performance and provided critical mapping for these indexes originally. By categorizing indexes from several dimensions, we suggested an analyzing approach as innovator for new researchers to find new research questions and gaps. This approach is along determinants which...
Hebei is the largest fruit production province in northern China, even in the whole country, the output is among the best of candidates. But the export scale is far behind the production scale, compare with Shandong province and other major exporting areas in the word, great gap still exists between Hebei and them. According to the latest data got from National Bureau of Statistics and Hebei Import...
With the rapid development of China's outward direct investment, the studies about motivation mechanism of China's ODI are increasing. There are three main parts in the motivation mechanism of China's ODI. First, the motivations of China's MNEs to invest abroad are to seek natural resources, to seek new markets and to seek strategic assets. Second, the ownership advantages of Chinese enterprises are...
In the last years there has been an increased focus on resource scarcity. This paper will review the issue of resource scarcity from the perspective of Royal Philips Electronics. First we will analyze which materials are considered to be critical by the EU and we will give an overview of materials and their applications used by Philips. We will review the current reserves of some of these materials...
This paper exploits the economical impact on the Korea IT industry of the Embedded Software has been developed for embedded system, as a part of the fulfillment of and Electronic and Telecommunications Research Institute. The view of Embedded Soft in Europe, S. Korea, Japan, and U.S show that: IT technology related service are growing rapid and the software usage had previously growing steadily all...
During the global economic development advancement, technological small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) with the characteristic of high technology content, big growth potential and flexible mechanism have become the power to improve the world economic development and an important index to weight comprehensive national power. As an important carrier of technological innovation, the technological...
Zhejiang province, with distinct competitive advantages in the domestic and global furniture market, is China's the second-largest province in terms of furniture production and export. This paper conducts a systematic evaluation of international competitiveness of Zhejiang's furniture industry by using competitiveness indices such as international market share, contribution rate of exports, trade...
Firm size has been recognized by the academia as an important source of countervailing power of buyers. This research, however, shows the advantage mentioned is going to be impaired if the incumbent seller employs a technology monopoly strategy. Also, the conclusion is used to explain why the raw materials used by China's photovoltaic industry are highly depending on import.
In terms of long-term and insufficiently effective socio-economic transition in countries of Energy Community of South-East Europe (EC SEE), characterized by significant decline of economic activities and lack of investment in new modern production technologies, the global financial and economic crisis at the end of 2008, imposed additional slowdown in the economic activity, redevelopment and operation...
In recent years, many nations have been creating newer, more efficient forms of energy and appropriate legislation with which to drive these new economic frontiers. Countries in Europe, parts of Asia, and the Americas, such as the U.S., China, and Germany, are in the forefront of this technological and environmental revolution, and, as a result, have seen large support and success in the endeavor...
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