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This paper describes multi-slice modelling and validation of an axially skewed synchronous machine in 2D domain. The technique involves coupling of circuit and electromagnetic domains together with carefully constructed geometry. The model size in comparison with full 3D simulation reduces considerably. Developed 2.5D multi-slice model allows fast simulation in 2D domain, still taking into account...
In this paper, a 420GHz GaAs monolithic integrated sub-harmonic mixer based on planar Schottky diode is presented. We combine the diode 3D model, nonlinear model and passive circuit by field-circuit method, then optimize the circuit through harmonic balanced method, finally study the GaAs monolithic integrated 420GHz sub-harmonic mixer. Simulated results for the mixer achieved DSB conversion loss...
In this paper, a hybrid high-order behavioural model is proposed to mimic the response of strongly nonlinear unmatched RF transistors. In this model, a high-order Multi-Harmonic Volterra (MHV) behavioural model is used to predict the DC and fundamental frequency components of the output signal, while higher harmonic components are predicted by the Poly-Harmonic Distortion (PHD) model. The added coefficients...
A Poly-Harmonic Distortion (PHD) model extraction procedure is proposed to improve the model accuracy for unmatched, broadband RF transistors by minimizing multi-harmonic signal reflections within the measurement system. As a result, the fictitious need for higher-order models is avoided by minimizing the order of the nonlinear measurement system used to extract the model. Under strongly nonlinear...
In a helix traveling wave tube, the interaction between the electron beam and the backward wave can lead to instabilities as BWO (backward wave oscillation) if the beam current is large enough. As the efficient part of the circuit fields varies in the angular direction, a 3D tool is needed to model such a phenomena. The numerical model is presented, with some examples of BWO starting conditions research...
Since the last decade, the behavioral modeling of RF functional blocks (amplifiers, mixers, (de)modulators, etc.) has been a flourishing research domain that has led to a better overall understanding of the nonlinear dynamics impact to the circuit performances. Recently the X-parameter paradigm has been introduced. The formalism provides a comprehensive description of the relationships between all...
X-parameter modeling paradigm constitutes a major advancement in circuit and system simulation and design. However being a frequency domain defined nonlinear model, its implementation in harmonic-balance simulators is not trivial. The implementation available in commercial simulators does not fully respond to the needs. In particular, the multi-tone simulations and the prediction of the dynamic effects...
In this paper, the TWT nonlinear equations are newly derived by considering the higher harmonics. The nonlinear process is also simulated by the Russian simulation code TWTSNU. Compared with the simulations, the derivations of this paper have the discrepancy of about 2%, while the old equations of about 10%. Also, it can be clearly seen from this paper that the output power of fundamental harmonic...
The suitability of the compact model HICUM for a state-of-the-art Silicon-Germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) technology is evaluated with special emphasis on an efficient scalable modeling methodology. Multifinger HBTs particularly applicable to power applications are modeled. For modeling the critical self-heating effect a distributed thermal network is applied, yielding only...
Arbitrary-load-dependent X-parameters, automatically measured with a load-tuner working with an NVNA, are used to characterize and model a packaged 10W GaN transistor. A full nonlinear two-port functional block model for PA and other circuit design is immediately available for nonlinear simulation. It is demonstrated that the model predicts well the independent effects of harmonic load tuning without...
This paper reviews and contrasts two complementary device modeling approaches based on data readily obtainable from a nonlinear vector network analyzer (NVNA). The first approach extends the application of waveform data to improve the characterization, parameter extraction, and validation methodologies for “compact” transistor models. NVNA data is used to train artificial neural network -based constitutive...
A systematic, first-pass methodology for designing high efficiency power amplifier (PA) using only large signal CAD models is presented. Detailed analysis using the model reveals significant insights into PA operation as well as the required impedance environment for high efficiency mode of operation. In particular, waveform engineering and empirical loadpull are used to determine the optimal class...
This paper presents a large signal model of impact ionization effects of FETs and its CAD implementation. The model is compact, describes the effects observed in the gate and drains current in a simple way, converges well in harmonic balance simulation. The model is verified for various FET devices and materials like GaAs SiC, GaN, and InSb. By using this model, the prediction accuracy for Pout and...
A compact explicit model for undoped Double-Gate (DG) SOI MOSFET including velocity saturation is presented. Using this model, intermodulation linearity obtained from device level Harmonic Balance (HB) simulation and Integral Function Method (IFM) are compared.
This paper discusses the design of a 60 GHz low noise amplifier (LNA) using a standard low power SOI CMOS process from ST Microelectronics. First, we outline the technology as well as the mm-wave design challenges. Using recent work on coplanar waveguide (CPW) modeling, we describe how it's possible to use parametric, 3D electromagnetic simulation to complete or replace analytical models of on-chip...
A voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) was designed for operation in C-band for use in a microwave point-to-point radio system. Microstrip technology was chosen for resonator implementation since it offers ease of manufacturing and frequency adjustment The design was performed using an electromagnetic (EM)-harmonic balance co-design technique in order to achieve first pass success. The measured frequency...
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