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Serial arterial blood sampling is required to determine the input function (IF) in quantitative estimation of physiological parameters in dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) studies. However, blood sampling in PET studies is problematic, invasive and risky. Several approaches have been proposed to extract IF from images among them factor analysis of dynamic structures (FADS) and simultaneous...
The dynamics of oxygen transport in the human brain are crucial to its response to local mismatches between flow and metabolism, such as occur in vascular dementia. We propose here a two phase continuum model, based on the coupled behaviour of oxygen transport in tissue and blood, which we use to simulate micro-strokes. The two phase coupled model is based on the assumption of porous media, being...
Tissue blood oxygen is one critical parameter in clinical practice, which represents the oxygen supply of regional tissue. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a new noninvasive technique, which can be used to measure blood oxygen saturation and hemoglobin at real time. Oximeter based on this technique can monitor tissue oxygenation in regional tissues such as human brain, muscle and flap. This paper...
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a powerful tool for human brain mapping. Previously, it has primarily been applied at low temporal resolution, i.e. repetition time >500 ms, and cannot resolve rapid neuronal and vascular function/dysfunction. Here we aim to achieve a ten-fold improvement in temporal resolution by localizing the brain coverage (i.e. single-slice) in combination with...
The measure theory of cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral blood volume (CBV) with time-resolved Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRs) has been introduced in this paper, and calculation equations of CBF and CBV are developed also. Then NIRs Oximeter is used to monitor real-time data of CBF and CBV, one research path for non-invasive measurement of CBF and CBV characteristics is obtained. CBF and CBV...
Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional MRI and near infrared optical tomography have been widely used to investigate hemodynamic responses to functional stimulation in the human brain. In this paper, we present a complete methodology for integrating the two imaging modalities to study the underlying physiological mechanism of the hemodynamic response in primary visual cortex. Using a...
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