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A WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) is made out of various number of hubs each of which comprise of detecting gadgets or sensing device to gather information from environment. These detecting gadgets are given processing unit to perform operations on information. These gadgets are conveyed arbitrarily in remote environment, because of which battery charging or substitution is not viewed as down to earth...
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), efficient use of the nodes' available energy is the main goal which most of the routing protocols seek to achieve. In fact, clustering based routing protocols have gained vast approval due to its merit of less energy exhaustion. The expended energy by one cluster is divided into two main terms, namely, the expended energy in intra-cluster communication (Intra-term)...
Wireless Sensor Network is utilized as a part of numerous applications like defense application, surrounding observing, traffic, security, modern detecting, smart homes, computing framework security, etc. In each utilization of wireless sensor network energy is the scare assets of nodes. It drains more energy in transmissions and processing. For the purpose of conserving node's energy round robin...
The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) after their emergence have triggered many active research areas; not because of low-scale hardware design but also due to a wide spectrum of its potential applications being in day-to-day areas of our life. However, because of the ubiquitous and pervasive computing paradigm that the WSNs foster and because of the resource constrained characteristic, security &...
As with the cases of other works in routing protocols of wireless sensor networks, the focus of this research is power efficiency and thus achieving increased network lifetime so that the sensor network can be used for a longer period of time. Here we proposed a all new concept of two hop low power transmission of data between the cluster head and sink in case of clustering based routing protocols...
Due to the limitation of the energy, the performances and applications were constrained of the pure batteries powered wireless sensor networks (WSNs). WSNs with energy harvesting extracting energy from the surrounding environment, supplement energy to the sensor nodes, can be significant prolong the lifespan of WSNs, or even make WSNs running for perpetual. In order to determine the node energy harvesting...
In wireless sensor network, all nodes are energy constrained and designing an energy efficient routing protocol is very important. Clustering routing protocol is a kind of energy efficient routing, while using a virtual backbone to organize the nodes and perform an efficient routing is also a feasible way.
The use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is anticipated to bring lot of changes in data gathering, processing and dissemination for different environments and applications. Energy consumption is the most crucial design issue in WSN. In order to solve the issue and prolong the network lifetime, energy resources of each node in WSN need to be effectively managed. With respect to energy efficiency,...
To support high scalability and better data aggregation, sensor nodes are often grouped in to disjoint and mostly non overlapping sub sets called clusters. Clusters create hierarchical WSNs which facilitate efficient utilization of limited resources of sensor nodes and thus extends network lifetime. ZigBee, a communication standard for LR-WPAN (Low Rate Personal Area Networks), has low power consumption,...
In the field of wireless sensor network, it is one of the hottest issues of current research that how to maintain the quality of network coverage and balance nodes' energy consumption to optimize the network lifetime. This paper analyzed LEACH (low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy) and proposed an energy-efficient distributed clustering algorithm on coverage (ECAC). In the algorithm, the redundancy...
Hierarchical or cluster based routing methods are well-known techniques with special advantages related to scalability and efficient communication. Clustering technique is also utilized as an energy-efficient routing in Wireless Sensor Networks where the nodes with the highest residual energy can be used to gather data and send the information. In this paper, we proposed and analyzed a cluster based...
In WSNs' application, the reduction of energy consumption and the entire network's lifetime should be optimized and feasible communications are must be ensured. All of the above have become to be an important factor to evaluate the performance of routing protocols. In the paper, we present a feasible routing protocol for WSNs in coal mine. Here, we call it LEACH-mine. In the algorithm, the cluster...
The cluster head is selected by the random number generated by nodes in the hierarchical routing protocol which is implementing Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH). As a result, the cluster head may be chosen randomly and be distributed asymmetrically. Focus on this problem, this paper introduces a function to improve the problem. This function uses the relative distance between nodes...
The sensors in sensor networks have limited energy and thus energy preserving techniques are important but in many cases like war zone the time for complete a task is more important than energy and in large-scale sensor networks, redundant communication between sensor nodes is necessary to propagate data in a large monitoring region. The main objective of this paper is to efficiently disseminate information...
Wireless sensor network consists of hundreds or thousands of tiny sensor nodes, which can monitor remote environment and it's useful in military and civilian applications. The limitation of the batteries of sensor nodes necessitates that the energy efficiency is a key issue in WSN. We proposed a novel protocol LEACH-L based on the geographical location of nodes, which improves the LEACH on its clustering...
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