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Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers have been broadly used in many areas. Compared with analog controllers, digital ones by digital signal processor (DSP) or field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) are more stable and easier to adjust parameter. Digital controllers are usually implemented with FPGA for its fast and stable performance. When it is implemented with FPGA, floating-point arithmetic...
In this paper we address the time-constrained architectural synthesis of fixed-point DSP algorithms using FPGA devices. Optimized fixed-point implementations are obtained by means of considering: (i) a multiple word length approach; (ii) a complete datapath formed of word length-wise resources (i.e. functional units, multiplexers and registers); and, (iii) a novel resource usage metric that enables...
This paper deals with the design and implementation of the 16-bit fixed point digital signal processor. The designed DSP has 211 instructions and consists of 40-bit ALU, 6 level pipelines, 17-bit X 17-bit parallel multiplier for single-cycle MAC operation, 8 addressing modes, 8 auxiliary registers, 2 auxiliary register arithmetic units, two 40-bit accumulators and 2 address generators. The verilog...
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