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Segmentation of specific objects in an image is a key task in computer vision, for which various algorithms have been proposed. However, most of these algorithms are software-oriented and have high computational complexity that makes them difficult to implement in hardware for real-time applications. The semi-supervised graph-based random walker (RW) algorithm, which seeks the solution for a large...
This paper proposes low-power design of the Gaussian-Minimum Shift-Keying (GMSK) demodulator using baseband quadrature signals. High-level architecture of this demodulator incorporates CO-ordinate Rotation-DIgital Computer (CORDIC) engine to accept the in-phase and quadrature components from received GMSK signal to generate phase angle and magnitude of the GMSK signal vector at half the sampling frequency...
RF antenna array beamforming based on electronically steerable wideband phased-array apertures find applications in communications, radar, imaging and microwave sensing. High-bandwidth requirements for wideband RF applications necessitate hundreds of MHz or GHz frame-rates for the digital array processor. A systolic architecture is proposed for the real-time implementation of the 2-D IIR beam filter...
In this paper we propose architecture to decrease the area utilization and improve the performance. To decrease the area utilization, a coherent 2D-DWT lifting based 9/7 wavelet is designed which also improves the performance. A coherent 2D-DWT method employed overlapped-stripe based scanning and stripe-based scanning for scanning the suitable inputs, so that temporal memory will get decreased. Usually...
In the field of RFID technology, a power efficient tag anti-collision protocol plays an important role in the entire system based on this technology. The query Tree scheme is one of the most important anti-collision protocols for RFID technology. Researchers have developed different Query algorithm with improved features, each time reducing the number of query iteration and idle slots. The EPC Gen...
In this paper, an embedded hardware architecture for low bit depth representation based motion estimation method is proposed. The proposed hardware architecture can easily be integrated to the microprocessor systems thanks to the industry standard interface. Thus, the developed core has a structure that can be easily utilized as a sub component of state of the art video coding systems. Furthermore,...
Hardware based digital image watermarking is in a good demand these days because of its fast real time implementation. It is seen that hardware based watermarking often comes with computational complexity and difficulty in implementation. In this paper, we discuss the development and implementation of the hardware architecture of Digital Image Watermarking in transform domain using a newly developed...
Optical flow estimates an approximated motion of objects, edges or corners. In this paper, a simple realtime Lucas-Kanade optical flow hardware implementation for smart devices is proposed. Comparing to previous works, the proposed implementation requires a less amount of line memories, multipliers and bandwidth while achieving a less computation error and an improved real time throughput.
Reversible contrast mapping (RCM) is used in reversible watermarking (RW) for images as a simple integer transform applied on pair of pixels and their least significant bits (LSB) are used for data embedding. This paper first proposes some modifications on existing RCM technique for further performance improvement in terms of embedding rate and visual distortion. This is then followed by a hardware...
This paper reviews a VLSI architecture based on ‘Parallel Pipeline Projection Engine’ (PPPE) which is composed by Forward Radon Transform and Back-projection architecture. This PPPE architecture is modified by using the theory of two-dimensional Radon Transform. The novel architecture is primarily based on analytical relationship between the pixels on horizontal and vertical raster scan line and also...
This paper presents a new design and a fast technique for implementation of a 32-bit decimal floating-point (DFP) logarithmic computation to efficiently calculate radix-10 logarithm of a decimal number. Conventional techniques first convert decimal inputs to binary, then perform base-2 logarithm operations, and finally results are converted back to decimal radix. It sometimes causes errors due to...
High performance implementations of unary functions are important in many applications e.g. in the wireless communication area. This paper shows the development and VLSI implementation of unary functions like the logarithmic and exponential function, by using a novel approximation methodology based on parabolic synthesis, which is compared to the well known CORDIC algorithm. Both designs are synthesized...
MPEG is one of the popular standards in image compression. Blocking is the most annoying artifact of encoding/decoding process. In this paper a post-processing deblocking algorithm for MPEG video stream is proposed. This method is based on the correlation of local pixels in block boundary region. It takes two 4×4 adjacent small blocks on both sides of a block boundary as a local processing region...
In this paper, we proposes a novel hardware architecture of face-detection engine for mobile applications. We used MCT (Modified Census Transform) and Adaboost learning technique as basic algorithms of face-detection engine. We have designed, implemented and verified the hardware architecture of face-detection engine for high-performance face detection and real-time processing. The face-detection...
Digital watermarking is the technique used to embed author's credentials, logo or some other information into digital images which can be used in authentications for courtroom evidence, copyright claims and other applications. The objective of this work is to develop a feasible and invisible watermark embedding hardware for the secure digital cameras using LeGall 5/3 (Discrete Wavelet Transform) DWT...
A low-complexity systolic-array architecture is proposed for obtaining multiple(N) broadband radio-frequency (RF) beams in smart antenna arrays. The N-beam 2D IIR digital filter is based on the concept of 2D passive ladder network resonance, leading to differential-form implementations which are highly-suitable for RF throughput levels. The proposed beamformers are converted to differential-form discrete...
In this work the image is segmented effectively based on texture feature by reducing the noise. For effective image segmentation Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm based on Gabor filter is used. The EM algorithm is applied on 2D Ultrasonic image of uterus and tested. The Gabor function has been recognized by its multiresolution properties and the precision of locating the texture features in...
Hash functions form an important category of cryptography, which is widely used in a great number of protocols and security mechanisms. SHA-2 is the up to date NIST standard, but is going to be substituted in the near future with a new, modern one. NIST has selected the Second Round Candidates of the SHA-3 Competition. A year is allocated for the public review of these algorithms, and the Second SHA-3...
Spread Spectrum applications require a set of sequences with individually peaky auto-correlation and pair-wise cross-correlation. Obtaining such sequences is a combinatorial problem. If the auto-correlation and cross-correlation are taken in the aperiodic sense then there are hardly any theoretical aids available. Thus the problem of signal design referred to above is a challenging problem for which...
Advent of Matrix Theory has greatly aided and simplified the analysis for variety of signal processing algorithms. It has been proven that matrix notation is convenient for representation of signals and to perform operations on them. Many problems such as signal modeling, Wiener filtering and spectrum estimation require finding the solution or solutions to a set of linear equations. Some of the common...
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