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Modeling of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) with a goal of maximum network lifetime and throughput with minimum energy consumption is a quite difficult task because of limited battery power and harsh underwater environment. Balanced Energy Efficient Rectangular routing protocol (BEER) covers the maximum network area with the mobility of sinks and collects the data from sensor nodes in...
Data gathering in an energy efficient and timely manner is the fundamental task of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). The battery operated sensor nodes are of limited energy and it is necessary to preserve their battery power to elongate the lifetime of WSN. In Hierarchical Routing Protocol (HRP) some nodes transmit data to BS which is more energy intensive task while others are engaged in local communications...
Wireless sensor networks have a most stimulating affair of Energy conservation. Different types of techniques were introduced to increase lifetime of network. Clustering is one of them to reduce energy consumption in network. This paper presents an idea of a novel protocol Multilevel Balanced Distributed Energy Efficient Heterogeneous Protocol (MBDEEHP) to create clustering in heterogeneous environment...
Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are meant to be deployed at the areas that need to be monitored continuously without the human assistance. Therefore, these networks are expected to stay operational for a longer period of time. However, sensor nodes in these networks are equipped with limited energy (e.g., battery) resources. Moreover, uneven energy consumption is one of the biggest challenges...
Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are meant to be deployed at the areas that need to be monitored continuously without the human assistance. Therefore, these networks are expected to stay operational for a longer period of time. However, sensor nodes in these networks are equipped with limited energy (e.g., battery) resources. Moreover, uneven energy consumption is one of the biggest challenges...
Design and development of adaptive, scalable and energy-efficient routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is an active area of research. Many protocols and techniques have been proposed and implemented for energy efficient routing. In this research work, we present Bio inspired Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering (B-DEEC) protocol for WSNs. It is based upon Artificial Bee Colony...
A Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is an infrastructure-less, dynamic network consisting of a collection of wireless mobile nodes that communicate with each other without the use of any centralized authority. It is a network that allows user to change its location and configure itself, and use wireless connections to connect various networks. In this paper, a survey on various protocols like CMAC,...
Energy efficient Routing algorithms for wireless sensor network play a vital role among many other algorithms for improving lifetime of sensor network. Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is one of the major hierarchical routing protocols for WSNs, in which cluster heads are randomly elected. In this paper, a Modified LEACH algorithm is proposed to maximize the lifetime of the network...
Wireless sensor networks can be deployed in normal as well as rough environment for data gathering fashion. Sensor nodes are more easy to failure because of their battery sources are irreplaceable. In Wireless Sensor networks (WSN), the sensors near to the sink will drain out of their energy first, resulting in holes in the WSNs. An important base for energy efficient routing technique in wireless...
Improving network lifetime and reliability are the fundamental challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The main issue in events sensing and relaying in WSN is the formation of energy-holes near the sink. Nodes near the sink are more likely to use up their energy because they have to forward all the traffic generated by the nodes farther away to the sink. In this end, we proposed a routing algorithm...
In WSN, sensors near the sink have to relay the data of the nodes away from the sink and as a result they drain their energy very quickly. It result in network partitioning and can significantly limit the network lifetime. This problem is termed as hotspot problem. Recently, formation of hot spot or energy hole near the sink has emerged as a critical issue for data gathering in WSN. In this paper,...
WSNs (wireless sensor networks) are networks that hundreds or thousands of nodes poured in a field and nodes try to send sensed event to base station (BS). In many cases, the BS isn't in the field and is so far away from nodes. Energy efficiency is one of the major concerns in wireless sensor networks since it impacts the network lifetime. So instead of transmitting directly to BS, in hierarchical...
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