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The lifetime of a wireless sensor node is determined by the energy required to complete specific tasks defined by network application. To estimate the energy of a sensor node for specific application, it is required to profile its activity for a given application scenario. The paper presents an analytical approach to wireless sensor node activity profiling, which enables a block-level extraction of...
The IEEE 802.15.4 standard is able to achieve low-power transmissions in low-rate and short-distance wireless personal area network (WPAN). The slotted carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) is used for contention mechanism. Sensor nodes perform backoff process immediately when the clear channel assessment (CCA) detecting busy channel. It may neglect the implicit information...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are being gradually introduced in different application scenarios. One of the main constraints for their deployment is energy consumption, as sensor nodes are usually stand alone battery-powered devices. For this reason, most efforts in research are being focused in energy-aware architectures and protocols. To aid in this search of most energy efficient strategies,...
Routing is critical in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It has been widely studied in recent years and many new protocols have been proposed. In this paper, based on observations on event-driven wireless sensor networks, we propose algorithms to reduce power consumption and improve data quality in wireless sensor networks. In our algorithms, sensor nodes reduce the sampling frequency and number of...
This paper presents a single chip VLSI architecture of wireless image sensor node, which is constituted by an enhanced embedded 8051 microcontroller, a CMOS camera interface and hardware accelerators. The algorithms and control flows of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC layer are accelerated by hardware, results in 45% less code size compared with the conventional software stack. An innovated CFA preprocessing...
Reduction of power consumption and network's autonomy prolongation are crucial for a WSN. This is typically performed with low duty cycle of sensor nodes. A special challenge in WSNs is transmission of a large amount of data, like images and video, that is becoming more and more required in various applications. This paper presents a study of fragmented image transmission with IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee...
This paper proposes self-deploying approaches for sensor networks. The gravitational field (GF) and the radioactive decay (RD) are used to model the repulsion forces between sensor nodes. The Received Signal Strength (RSS) is transformed to the repulsion force for computing the next move distance and direction. The GF approach reduces the power consumption on communication overheads while the RD approach...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely used in detecting, locating and tracking the moving objects. However, some of the cheap, low-powered and energy-limited sensors that are deployed in large areas may use up their energy, which leads to the whole network failure finally. In order to reduce the energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime, (a) a new light-weight and energy-efficient locating...
The sensor node in Wireless Sensor Network is with the characteristics of low power consumption, but the sensor node can't be rechargeable. Therefore, the consumed of power is limited. How to effectively control the power of the sensor node and extend the life time of the whole network become a very important issue. This paper sets forth "The Optimal Sleep Control For Wireless Sensor Networks...
This paper examines the requirements of wearable sensing applications and their implications for designing the next generation of body area sensors. We define key metrics for wearable sensors and discuss how body area sensors differ from generic wireless sensors. To explore the system level issues with a wearable node, we show measurements from a wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor prototype....
We propose the use of a reconfigurable hardware architecture to reduce the power consumption of small sensor node that has various sensors and wireless communication facilities, that were the result of an adaptive function specialization mechanism. Traditional sensor nodes must have had a powerful and multi functional Micro-Controller Unit (MCU) to satisfy the requirements for processing any kinds...
Wireless sensor networks are important development direction of current sensor technology. Power consumption is the key factor for the nodes longevity in practice. This paper introduces the design of a small scale self-organized sensor networks based on fire monitoring. The system consists of sensor node and routing protocol. The network tested experiment proves the feasibility of the routing protocol.
Time synchronization provides an essential service for wireless sensor networks. Most of previous works focus on improving synchronization accuracy. However, other design concerns, such as global time continuity, power efficiency and adaptability, arise from real applications' requirements and receive more and more attentions. During synchronization, most of approaches choose a specific sensor node's...
The most challenging issue of sensor networks is extension of overall network system lifetimes. It is important for the extension of system lifetime to determine the routing considering data aggregation. Data aggregation can reduce network traffic by the elimination of the redundant data. Though data aggregation is effective, sensor node needs a certain amount of RAM to aggregate data. RAM has standby...
In wireless sensor networks, one of the big challenges is to achieve a satisfactory network lifetime while meeting quality of service (QoS) requirements. In this paper, we propose a novel MAC layer protocol which provides energy efficiency, latency guarantee, adaptability and scalability for wireless sensor networks carrying on delay-sensitive applications. Different from existing schemes, our protocol...
Due to limited size and limited battery life, it becomes an important issue to save the power consumption of sensor node in wireless sensor network. In this paper, we propose an efficient power saving algorithm, which takes advantage of data lifetime. With numerical analysis, it is shown that the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional approach in terms of power saving gain.
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