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This article assesses the performance of a multi-dimensional optimal battery degradation management strategy when applied to extend the autonomy of a plug-in fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) in sub-zero weather conditions. This strategy relies on a discrete dynamic programming (DDP) algorithm to obtain an economically-optimal solution that combines both fuel cell-based battery recharge and...
This paper proposes a challenge focused on the energy management of a Fuel Cell/Battery Vehicle. Both Academic and Professional teams are welcomed to participate in this challenge. The aim of this challenge is to develop a robust Energy Management Strategy to increase the energy sources'' lifetime and to minimize the hydrogen consumption. In this way, the simulation model and control presented in...
In the study, we investigated the hybrid systems to reduce the hydrogen consumption of fuel cell systems. We used super capacitors as auxiliary power source for hybridization. We set four different configurations using super capacitors and DC/DC converters. We performed the tests on İstanbul University hydrogen powered vehicle. We extracted the energy and hydrogen consumptions of fuel cell for each...
To ensure the safety of environment a major challenge to the vehicle manufacturer is the emission rate of vehicle. Emission of environment polluting particles especially CO2 from conventional vehicles is a direct threat to the environment. As global vehicle market are expanding day by day so this high rate of emission is already a nightmare to the environment specialist. That's why some of green technologies...
Pontryagin's Minimum Principle (PMP)-based power management strategy is known as one of the promising candidates for hybrid vehicles. The point of this strategy in the real-world driving condition is the determination of the costate value. This research deals with hybrid buses. The characteristic of the specified driving route of the buses makes the realization of the PMP-based strategy easier compared...
Multi stack fuel cell systems provide higher performances and reliability than single stack fuel cell systems. The aim of this paper is to investigate the degraded mode operation of multi- stack fuel cell systems upon the loss of one of its stack. The different power allocation strategies impact the behavior of the multi-stack fuel cell system. Fuel consumption results on a driving cycle acquired...
This paper presents an analysis of energy management strategies (EMS) applied to a hybrid power sources architecture composed of fuel cell and supercapacitor for electric vehicle application. An EMS based on optimal control theory is discussed and compared to the EMS based on power frequency separation that allows power load frequency decomposition. Firstly, the electrical model of the fuel cell and...
Fuel cell hybrid vehicles (FCHVs) utilize alternative nontoxic hydrogen, which is an environmentally friendly fuel that has the potential to dramatically reduce global dependence on fossil fuels. FCHVs benefit from two energy supply sources. Namely, the proton exchange membrane fuel cells and batteries to supply the power-train demand load. This paper develops an optimized energy management system...
Within the econnect project and its predecessor project SmartWheels, which are both funded by the German Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi), a battery electric passenger bus on the basis of a Mercedes Sprinter City 65 has been developed and tested on public roads. Driving without local emissions, high energy efficiency and reduced energy costs for driving are the main advantages of electric...
The number of options available to transit fleets is growing and the pressures to select the “optimal” propulsion technology are also increasing. Given that there is no one optimal bus for an entire transit system, there's a need to optimize the fleet, identifying the most appropriate mix of technologies reflecting the system's requirements and realities. This presentation will discuss factors to...
Global automakers are accelerating the development of fuel efficient vehicles, as a part of meeting regional regulatory CO2 emissions requirements. The micro hybrid vehicles with auto start-stop functionality are considered economical solutions for the stringent European regulations. Flooded lead acid batteries were initially considered the most economical solution for idle-stop systems. However,...
Many advanced vehicle and fuel technologies are currently being developed with the aim of reducing the environmental impacts of road transport and its dependence on fossil oil. In this paper we present a new methodology to compare a broad range of current and future passenger vehicle options in terms of technical, economic, and environmental criteria. Due to the spectrum of consumer preferences, usage...
Hydrogen-powered vehicles have long shown great potential to displace fuel. However, due to the lack of infrastructure and the high cost of the components, the technology has not yet been introduced in the market. On the other hand, current battery electric ve hic les (BEVs) also hold great promise, but their market penetration is limited due to their range. This study seeks to address the limitations...
Worldwide fuel consumption regulations are becoming more and more stringent. As a result, car companies are looking at a wide portfolio of component technologies, including engines, transmissions, and electrification. This study examined fuel consumption reductions offered by a collection of advanced spark-ignition (SI) engine technologies using full-vehicle simulations. High-fidelity engine models...
This paper discusses the effects of different engine control methods on vehicle performance using a compact range extender-type PHV with a series-hybrid system. Vehicle performance was analyzed and compared in detail using two typical engine control methods: the variable control method, which drives the engine in accordance with the vehicle load, and the constant control method, which drives the engine...
The paper introduces an innovative utility-based approach to model customer choice for alternative powertrain technologies within a dynamic scenario tool. The study covers a wide portfolio of different powertrain concepts from conventional combustion engines to advanced hybrid and electric cars. The assessment of their economic and technical attributes builds on a large set of vehicle simulation data...
The electric revolution of mobility has left the cradle and is expected to breach the barrier of mass scale commercialisations within the next 3–5 years. To achieve that goal, the issue of range must be resolved. Especially plugin hybrid vehicles address this topic with a combination of batteries and a range extender. Range extender technologies hold a large market potential for the coming years and...
In the recent years there is an increasing interest in fuel cell technology and fuel cells have reached a high development status. This development was mostly advanced by the automotive industry and residential applications, because fuel cells are suitable to substitute the fossil fuels and also to provide an environment friendly propulsion. But there is also a growing market for stationary fuel cell...
In order to consider the lifetime of fuel cell stacks when minimizing the fuel consumption in fuel cell hybrid vehicles (FCHV), a Pontryagin's Minimum Principle (PMP)-based power management strategy is proposed in this research. This strategy has the effect of prolonging the lifetime of fuel cell stacks. However, there is a tradeoff between the lifetime of the fuel cell stack and the fuel consumption...
This paper considers the conceptual design of a fuel-cell-hybrid engine to replace the conventional diesel internal combustion engine for use in London buses. Fuel cells are expensive power units costing in the region of £2.50/W compared to the conventional diesel-engine at 5p/W. A fuel-cell-hybrid solution is proposed to minimize initial costs whilst achieving good operational performance and specifically...
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