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The chest X-ray is one of the most commonly accessible radiological examinations for screening and diagnosis of many lung diseases. A tremendous number of X-ray imaging studies accompanied by radiological reports are accumulated and stored in many modern hospitals Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS). On the other side, it is still an open question how this type of hospital-size knowledge...
In crops management, monitoring the plants health is an important task that allows early detection of nutritional deficiencies, diseases, pests, etc. that can result on important economic losses. With early detection there are more possibilities to react on an appropriate way to control the problem and assure the quality of the final products. Molecular methods performed in laboratories are a way...
Tuberculosis is a disease with one of the most leading causes of deaths in the world, however, its fatality index could be reduced if it is diagnosed and treated on time. The Ziehl-Neelsen stained sputum smear method is the most used for bacilli detection and for developing a proper diagnosis by the specialist. Nevertheless, these stained images do not always present an adequate contrast, then, the...
Blood vessel extraction from retinal fundus images is an important task in developing the computer-aided diagnostic system for ophthalmologists. In this paper we have presented an algorithm for extraction of blood vessels of retinal fundus images and comparison of different moment invariants used for the extraction of features for the vessel pixels. The algorithm uses neural networks for distinguishing...
Pterygium is an eye disease that commonly affects people living in areas near the equator such as Malaysia, Indonesia etc. and who are expose to excessive wind, sunlight, or sand. It is a form of tissue overgrowth found in the eye. Recently, anterior segment photographed images (ASPIs) have been used for early detection of the disease by incorporating digital image processing (DIP) algorithms techniques...
Diabetes has become a life threatening disease. The effect of diabetes on human retina is called Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). If DR involves macula, it is known as maculopathy. Under this condition, the visibility of the patient gets affected adversely. In this paper, we have proposed a method for grading the stages of maculopathy. In the first stage, the abnormalities are detected. Second stage consists...
The choroid plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases of the back section of the eye. A comprehensive visualization and knowledge of the choroid is still lacking despite advances in imaging technologies. En-face Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) provides detailed images useful to understand choroidal vasculature. In the paper, in order to get essential information about circulation-related...
Segmentation of anatomical regions of the medical imaging is a critical problem. In this paper, we propose effectiveness of soft computing techniques for segmenting medical imaging. This paper explores the possibility of applying techniques for segmenting the regions of medical image. We them compute the effectiveness of the applied techniques on medical imaging and compare their results from the...
The presence of density part of breast tissues is one of the signs considered by radiologists to determine whether a suspicious area is a tumor or cancer. The focus of this research is for the segmentation of dense area with regards to the breast anatomical structure for visualization, such as location of nipple if possible, skin-air interface, fatty tissue, glandular tissue and pectoral muscle. In...
The optic disk (OD) center and margin are typically requisite landmarks in establishing a frame of reference for classifying retinal and optic nerve pathology. Reliable and efficient OD localization and segmentation are important tasks in automatic eye disease screening. This paper presents a new, fast, and fully automatic OD localization and segmentation algorithm developed for retinal disease screening...
The article deals with initial research into the methods of microscopic image processing methods for the study of diverticular disease. Functional and structural changes were found in tissues of persons afflicted with diverticular disease in previous medical research. The acquired images were processed manually. The goal of research into image processing methods for automatic or semiautomatic processing...
The extraction of retinal vessels plays an important role in the diagnosis and study of retinal diseases, such as Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD), Diabetic Retinopathy, Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP). Vessel diameters, tortuosity, branch lengths, angles, and bifurcations are essential to diagnosing these diseases. However, this is a challenging task due to high noise levels, the low contrast...
We propose an automated method to segment cortical necrosis from brain FLAIR-MR Images. Cortical necrosis are regions of dead brain tissue in the cortex caused by cerebrovascular disease (CVD). The accurate segmentation of these regions is difficult as their intensity patterns are similar to the adjoining cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We generate a model of normal variation using MR scans of healthy...
Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness. Earliest signs of diabetic retinopathy are damage to blood vessels in the eye and then the formation of lesions in the retina. This paper presents an automated method for the detection of bright lesions (exudates) in retinal images. In this work, an adaptive thresholding based on a novel algorithm for pure splitting of the image is proposed. A coarse...
Retinal fundus image is an important modality to document the health of the retina and is widely used to diagnose ocular diseases such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. However, the enormous amount of retinal data obtained nowadays mostly stored locally; and the valuable embedded clinical knowledge is not efficiently exploited. In this paper we present an online...
The proper segmentation of the vascular system of the retina has a very important role in automatic screening systems. Its detection helps the localization of other anatomical parts and also the detection of possible vascular disorders. State-of-the-art machine learning algorithms are reported to have good performance in this field. However, with the spatial resolution of the fundus images growing,...
The appearance and structure of blood vessels in retinal images play an important role in diagnosis of eye diseases. This paper proposes a method for segmentation of blood vessels in color retinal images. We present a method that uses 2-D Gabor wavelet to enhance the vascular pattern. We locate and segment the blood vessels using adaptive thresholding. The technique is tested on publicly available...
A experimental scheme for identification of breast diseases based on thermal images is presented. A set of infrared images from a database that is being developed were used for an experimental investigation considering the image Lacunarity measures by the gliding box algorithm. This approach generates a parameter to distinguish from normal to abnormal breast diagnostics. We propose two interpretations...
In this paper, we propose an expert system which is based on knowledge engineering named DDES - dental diagnostic expert system. Besides, a hybrid knowledge acquisition strategy is proposed to efficiently elicit the knowledge from experienced dentists and construct the medical ontology. The system fulfills the storage of dental photos and X-ray images, typical cases, patients' information and concerned...
The categorization of retinal vessels morphological features and the investigation of their branching patterns are used in the process for automated diagnosis and screening of ophthalmologic diseases. Mathematical morphology has been materialized as a proficient technique for quantifying the retinal vasculature in ocular fundus images. In this paper, the performance comparison of two retinal vessel...
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