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Cardiovascular physiological signals such as electrocardiogram (ECG) and arterial blood pressure (ABP) provide direct measure of heart rate. But ECG & ABP recorded in the intensive care unit (ICU) are often seriously corrupted by noise and missing data, which lead to errors in Heart Rate (HR) estimation and incidences of false alarm from ICU monitors. Cardiac activity, because of its relatively...
This paper presents a simple technique to enhance the gain of Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) operating at a low voltage. In conventional OTA, bulk driven differential pair is used for low voltage operation. However, it introduces a reduction in the gmb/gm ratio. The gain of OTA can be enhanced by increasing its transconductance. The proposed work uses input bulk-driven differential pair...
This paper presents an improved region growing algorithm to enhance the segmentation of the liver from abdominal CT images. The abdominal CT images are characterized by poor contrast and blurred edges which increase the complexity of liver segmentation. Initially, the images are subjected to preprocessing which involves de-noising, thresholding and non-linear mapping. Then, the improved region growing...
A novel audio watermarking method to assails is proposed in this paper. The method uses up dissimilar sequences for watermarking of audio signals. Embedding of watermarks is done by hiding under echo, spreaded in time. The amplitude of echo is trimmed down on spreading the echo in time. By this the energy of each echo goes low due to which any distortion caused by watermarking is unperceivable to...
This paper presents an approach to measure the rail gauge and tilt angle of the railway track using non contact measurement techniques. The objective of this study is to improve the present manual measurement techniques and replace it with advanced digital techniques. In order to achieve non contact measurement of gauge low frequency ultrasonic distance measurement method is presented. In this study...
This paper briefly describes the Urdhva-Tiryagbhyam Sutra of vedic mathematics and we have designed multiplier based on the sutra. Vedic Mathematics is the ancient system of mathematics which has a unique technique of calculations based on 16 Sutras which are discovered by Sri Bharti Krishna Tirthaji. In this era of digitalization, it is required to increase the speed of the digital circuits while...
The dynamics of the robot manipulator, in general are highly nonlinear and subject to varying payload, potential external disturbance, and model uncertainties. To solve the strong nonlinearity and unmodeled dynamics problems with unknown upper bound of the external disturbances in robot manipulator control, a new robust adaptive neural network-based controller is proposed in this paper. As compared...
Dense disparity estimation for stereo imaging is an important building block for several computer vision applications. Feature based disparity estimation technique provides disparity at only few of the known feature points and thus does not give a good estimate of the complete region. In this paper, a novel framework of dense disparity estimation using feature correspondences are proposed, which employs...
Blood vessel extraction from retinal fundus images is an important task in developing the computer-aided diagnostic system for ophthalmologists. In this paper we have presented an algorithm for extraction of blood vessels of retinal fundus images and comparison of different moment invariants used for the extraction of features for the vessel pixels. The algorithm uses neural networks for distinguishing...
Control under heavy uncertain conditions is one of the most important control problems in integer as well as fractional order systems. This paper investigates a fractional order disturbance observer based on full state information. This work is the extension of integer order disturbance observer in [1] to fractional domain. An extra compensator based on estimated disturbance is added to the classical...
Vehicular Delay tolerant network (DTN) is mainly characterized by intermittent connectivity, long and variable delay, asymmetric data rates and high error rates. Nodes are operated by using store-carry-and-forward mechanism to forward the packets. DTN nodes are mobile in nature and they have limited time to hold a packet to forward it to the other nodes. Therefore, after specified amount of time bundle...
In this paper, a small-signal circuit modeling for pulse width modulated dc-dc converter operated in continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) are presented. Various aspects of modeling is discussed and then averaged modeling of PWM converter is selected. A duty ratio constraint (which comes in DCM), defines the diode conduction interval which is key to accurate prediction...
This paper focuses on development of PID controller for a single tank level control system using concepts of industrial automation. The idea behind this work is to replace the conventional PID controller available in the level control trainer system with a high end Programmable Logic Controller. The motive behind doing this is to obtain a complete understanding of the changes in the dynamics of the...
In this paper the low power operation of Baugh wooley multiplier and Wallace tree multiplier are discussed. The circuits are implemented using two phase clocked adiabatic static CMOS logic (2PASCL) and the power consumption of these circuits is compared with those of static CMOS logic. Baugh Wooley multiplier is implemented using three different designs. The circuits are implemented in 45nm CMOS process...
Induction motor can be run as variable speed a. c. drive under the umbrella of recent technology advancements. Pulse width modulated (PWM) inverters are used to feed drive efficiently. Problems observed due to conventional inverter like: common mode voltage (CMV), total harmonic distortion (THD) in line voltage waveform, electromagnetic interference, inverter induced bearing current and shaft voltage...
Vibration analysis provides relevant information about abnormal working condition of machine parts. Vibration measurement is prerequisite for vibration analysis which is used for condition monitoring of machinery. Also, wireless vibration monitoring has many advantages over wired monitoring. This Paper presents, implementation of a reliable and low cost wireless vibration monitoring system. Vibration...
The different areas of the brain are oscillating in phase with the same frequency range at any given point of time. These areas of the brain cooperate with one another for performing a cognitive task. This neural interaction process might be examined by measuring the synchronization of the brain signal. In this work a method for analysing the EEG signal during repeated learning and recall of a foreign...
Autism is a neuro-developmental disorder that retards the normal cognitive development of an affected person. It is prevalent in children below the age of five and is generally identified through the symptoms exhibited by them while they interact with the environment. This work focuses on the extraction of texture features for autistic and control subjects and validation is done using the neural classifiers,...
Blood flow measurement has gained much importance over the years as it has a vital role to play in understanding the functionality of heart. There are many principles on which the blood flow measurements are based. This work aims at developing a non-invasive technique for measuring the blood flow using the optical sensors. Among the many optical sensors available, the photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors...
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