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This paper describes a methodology of quantitative assessment of the fault tolerance of the multi-state safety-critical systems with functional redundancy. Such systems are the traction drives of electrical vehicles, consisting of the multiphase traction electric motor and multilevel electric inverter. It is suggested to consider such traction drive as a system with several degraded states. As a comprehensive...
This paper presents the results of a system analysis of different options for electric inverters for the traction drive of an electrical helicopter. The article explains the optimal choice, in terms of the design requirements and future operation conditions, and the type and topology of electric inverter, to supply the traction permanent magnet synchronous motor from the batteries. The main focus...
Reliability of electric drives is of paramount importance for safety critical applications in transportation, medical and military industries. While numerous fault tolerant machine and inverter topologies have been developed for improving drive reliability, comprehensive reliability evaluation of fault tolerant electric drive systems has not been reported in literature. This paper performs quantitative...
Bulk electrolytic capacitors are used in single phase inverters to reduce the ripple in dc link voltage which is due to the pulsating nature of the instantaneous power. The reliability of an inverter is limited by the lower lifetime of these capacitors. In addition, the switching devices also deteriorate the reliability, due to their significant failure rate. In order to improve the overall reliability...
The Direct-Lead-Bonding (DLB) interconnection appears to be a promising technology for power-module (PM). Nevertheless, the absence of wire-fuse-effect in case of extreme failure, compared to classical wire-bonding, leads authors to rethink fail-safe and fault-tolerant strategies for critical converter. Therefore, this paper will provide a comparative study between these two designs in terms of failure-mode...
The aim of this paper is to overview fault tolerant power architectures for adjustable speed drives (ASD). Here, our goal is to assess the reliability of ASD provided in transportation systems. A Markov model is derived for each architecture. As the inverter is the least reliable component of ASD, a special stress is put to model it for reliability assessment. Each model consists of building blocks...
The three-level (3L) neutral-point-clamped (NPC) voltage-source (VSC) converter has been the standard solution in medium-voltage range for industrial applications. Recently, the NPC converter structure was improved by adding two extra active switches per phase leg, thus overcoming one of its main drawbacks: the unequal power loss among the power semiconductors. The resulting structure became known...
Grid-tied Solar Inverters rely heavily on the current sensor information to fulfill all the complex tasks associated to deliver appropriate power to the energy system with low distortion. Sensing voltage and current are an essential part of the feedback current control loop for any grid tied-solar inverter. When the sensed signal is lost, the inverter output could become unstable thus having, as a...
New principles of design and control strategy for creation of fault tolerant inverter-fed electromechanical systems (such as inverter-fed AC motor drives, molten metals electromagnetic stirring systems, etc.) have worked out by the authors of this paper. This strategy is based on the use of the phase-pole method (PPM) of control of an inverter and electromechanical energy transformer (EMET; for example,...
This paper presents a modified topology of the neutral-point-clamped inverter suitable to increase the converter reliability in safety-critical applications. With the proposed scheme, the energy processing capacity can be maintained even for multiple failure modes. Its fault-tolerant ability results from redundancy of power devices and from modifications in the control strategy. The theoretical validity...
In this paper several fault tolerant strategies which can be implemented on nine switch inverter has been investigated. The developed strategies provide compensation for open circuit and short circuit failures on semiconductor devices. In addition unique post fault controls have been proposed for each strategy. The first applied topology is switch redundant topology and can tolerate all switch failures...
In this paper fault tolerant solutions for different components of the permanent magnet synchronous machine drive (PMSM) such as digital controller, inverter and feedback sensors are presented. In case of digital controller fault tolerance, three fixed point Digital Signal Processor (DSP) based controllers are used in parallel, running the same control algorithm. In case of fault tolerant inverter,...
This paper presents a digital control architecture that demonstrates operating standby redundancy for a voltage source inverter (VSI) controller. The reliability analysis shows the increased lifetime of the VSI using a standby redundant controller. The VSI control system is designed to switch from the primary to the secondary controller when a fault to the primary controller occurs. Simulated and...
Three-level Diode Clamped Multilevel Inverter, generally known as Neutral-Point-Clamped (NPC) Inverter, has an inherent problem causing Neutral Point (NP) potential variation. Until now, in many literatures NP potential problem has been investigated and lots of solutions have also been proposed. However, in the cases of fault and fault tolerant control state, distinctive feature of NP potential variation...
Future automobiles will be equipped with by-wire systems to improve reliability, safety and performance. The fault tolerant capability of these systems is crucial due to their safety critical nature. Three fault tolerant inverter topologies for permanent magnet brushless dc motor drives suitable for automotive x-by-wire systems are analyzed. A figure of merit taking into account both cost and post-fault...
This paper describes an experimental tool to evaluate and support the development of fault tolerant machines designed for aerospace motor drives. Aerospace applications involve essentially safety critical systems which should be able to overcome hardware or software faults and therefore need to be fault tolerant. A way of achieving this is to introduce variable degrees of redundancy into the system...
This paper presents principles and results of dynamic testing of an SRAM-based FPGA using time- resolved fault injection with a pulsed laser. The synchronization setup and experimental procedure are detailed. Fault injection results obtained with a DES crypto-core application implemented on a Xilinx Virtex II are discussed.
A novel control method is presented for improving the reliability of transformerless cascade STATCOMs operating under various faults. A modified H bridge circuit is proposed, and it could be totally bypassed under various faults while the STATCOM keep working. During the fault transient, by controlling the phase of a STATCOMpsilas output voltage, the DC capacitors could be charged or discharged to...
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