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This paper attempts to integrate RF technology into Nuclear Radiation detector circuitry. In the proposed system, a Nuclear Radiation sensor upon senses Radiation, activates its alarm, sends a low voltage signal to all the other Radiation detectors in the vicinity. This low voltage signal activates the individual relays in the other Radiation detectors causing to emit a tone that alerts residents,...
This study characterizes 5.8 GHz backscatter radio links in a transient, high-voltage power line environment. The measured results demonstrate how increased RF carrier frequency provides additional resistance to the noise, interference, and corona shielding of communication antennas that operate near high-voltage lines. The results lead to important design rules for low-powered wireless sensor applications...
4th generation wireless systems will require even higher levels of integration, wider bandwidths and innovative strategies to manage the growing number of available frequency bands. This paper will summarize some of the key circuit and system design approaches for 4th generation wireless transceivers.
One of the most obvious ways to make air travel more green is to save fuel. The best place to save fuel is a reduction in the size, weight, and power of equipment which must be carried on all air transport aircraft, every flight. New technologies allow substantial size, weight and power savings for HF Transceivers by allowing the receiver section to directly sample the 2-30 MHz spectrum using a high...
The cellular mobile terminals continue to evolve at a rapid pace from voice phones to Multi-band, Multi standard Multi-media devices of the future. The RF front end, of these devices continues to be more complex requiring many RF bands and Wireless standards to be supported in a single device. In addition, to support higher data rates multiple antennas and passive filters are required. Concurrency...
Spectrum sensing is one of the most important tasks of cognitive radios (CRs) in future wireless systems and of user equipments (UEs) in next generation wireless networks (NGWNs). Therefore, deciding whether a specific portion of radio frequency (RF) spectrum is occupied or not is of paramount importance for all sorts of future wireless communications systems. In this study, a spectrum sensing method...
Architectural and circuit techniques to integrate the RF front-end passive components, namely the SAW filters and duplexers that are traditionally implemented off chip, are presented. Intended for software defined radios, tunable high-Q filters allow the integration of highly reconfigurable transceiver front-ends that are robust to in-band and out-of-band blockers. Furthermore, duplexer techniques...
A super-regenerative oscillator to be used as a receiver for ultra wideband impulse radio signals is demonstrated for the V-band (50-75 GHz). The study is based on experimental and simulated results using a gated tunnel diode based super-regenerative oscillator, which is used as the core of a super-regenerative receiver. Simulated pulse error rates for an impulse radio signal that is modulated by...
A low VSWR sideband separating receiver topology employing subharmonic Schottky diode mixers has been implemented at 340 GHz as an integrated module housing mixers, commercial LNA's and waveguide hybrids. Image rejection levels of around 20 dB and a receiver SSB noise of 9000 K are measured.
In this paper, the optimized matching circuit between RF SAW (surface acoustic wave) filter output and RF LNA (low noise amplifier) input on the limited PCB (Print Circuit Board) placement space has been gotten by simulation. With the matching circuit, the conducted sensitivity of receiver of the GSM mobile phone is about -109 dBm. Such good sensitivity can decrease desense (sensitivity degradation)...
Hidden bombs and abandoned military landmines buried in the afterwar field has become a severe threat to the society. A stand-off, high sensitive and portable explosive detection system is required to help this situation. Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR) detection technology has proven to be a highly effective solution for unambiguously detecting explosives, since NQR is an inherent characteristic...
In this paper, we propose an automatic design procedure for the synthesis of a cascode LNA with inductive source degeneration. The proposed method is based on the precise characterization of noise figure, input impedance and gain. The design procedure is implemented in a C++ environment using a BSIM3v3-based tool for transistor sizing and a symbolic computation tool for circuit characterization. SystemC...
This article analyzes the use Lamb Wave Resonators (LWR) for IF filtering in RF Band pass Sampling (BPS) receivers. A filtering mask applicable to a bi-mode (Bluetooth Low Energy and IEEE 802.15.4) receiver is derived for the proposed BPS architecture and is used as design target for an IF filters based on LWR technology. A system-level design method is employed to analyze the impact of three different...
Maximizing the battery life time of mobile devices and sensor nodes increasingly becomes a challenge, and receiver power consumption tends to become more problematic than delivering adequate transmit power. We address the challenge of achieving the highest possible throughput per Watt of receiver circuit power. Our results show that optimum and adaptive tuning of the front-end parameters of the receiver...
This paper presents a low-power low-IF RF frontend for 2.4GHz wireless sensor networks (WSN) in 0.18μm RF CMOS technology. The RF frontend consists of a variable gain low noise amplifier (VG-LNA), a quadrature passive mixer and a divide-by-two circuit which generates the differential quadrature LO signals for quadrature balanced mixer. The effect of the input parasitic capacitance on the inductively...
This paper presents an architecture and corresponding analysis of a direct built-in test of integrated millimeter-wave radar receiver frontends. The proposed test is able to evaluate the gain of the device as well as its noise figure. Focus of this work is the prediction of the accuracy of the tested performance parameters during the design of embedded test solutions. The introduced architecture provides...
A low-power down-converter that uses a passive current-commutating mixer for frequency translation, while sharing the bias current between the RF and baseband stages is presented. An active noise shaping network is implemented to reduce low-frequency noise at the output. Linearity is enhanced through the use of non-linear feedback. The design, implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS technology, achieves conversion...
A 17 GHz current re-use low noise amplifier (LNA) is designed in 0.13 μm CMOS for low power applications such as wireless sensor networks. The LNA also employs transformer based feedback to neutralize the gate-drain capacitance of a MOSFET. The LNA achieves 15.4 dB gain into a 50 Ω load along with 1.9 GHz bandwidth. It features 4.5 dB NF and -12 dBm IIP3 while consuming 7.8 mW of power. A 17 GHz receiver...
This paper reviews our first miniature nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) system originally reported in, which, weighing only 2 kg, is 60 times lighter, 40 times smaller, yet 60 times more spin mass sensitive than a 120-kg state-of-the-art commercial benchtop NMR system. The miniaturization was made possible by combining the physics of NMR with a high-performance CMOS radio-frequency integrated circuit...
In contemporary communication satellite systems, a digital processing unit on board the satellite can be employed to filter, channelize, and switch the uplink communication signals. This processing is performed subsequent to the radio frequency (RF) to intermediate frequency (IF) downconversion of the uplinked signals. Then, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is employed to convert the analog signals...
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