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A broadband CMOS LC voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) for an FMCW synthesizer application was developed, which achieves wide tuning range and low phase noise. The VCO employs a topology of NMOS cross-coupled pair and NMOS tail current source. In order to lower phase noise while fulfill continuous tuning range of 2GHz, P-type AMOS varactors are used, which connect to LC tank through a MIM coupling...
In this paper, a low-power K-band phase-locked loop (PLL) for vital sign detection radar (VSDR) is presented. The proposed PLL was fabricated in 0.18 μm CMOS process. The transformer-feedback voltage-controlled oscillator (TF-VCO) is utilized to increase output swing and to alleviate noise issue. The cascoded frequency divider is adopted for low voltage and low power considerations. The measured phase-locked-loop...
CMOS millimeter-wave integrated circuits are more attractive due to its potential in higher integration with digitalsignal processing blocks and lower cost, compared to SiGe and GaAs. Meanwhile, the cut-off (ft) frequency of MOSFETs is continuously increased along with the scaling down of transistors as predicted with Moore's law. However, CMOS process suffers from high substrate loss and low quality...
A 1.2V wide-band programmable divide-by-N frequency divider (FD) with consecutive 16-519 division ratios has been designed and fabricated using standard 90nm CMOS technology. The programmable FD consists of a high speed divide-by-8/9 dual-modulus prescaler, a pulse counter (P counter) and a swallow counter (S counter). Dynamic current-mode logic (DCML) DFF and signal locking technique have been used...
We present a cross-coupled 60 GHz differential LC voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) implemented in 65 nm CMOS technology. To eliminate the need for varactors, the frequency tuning is implemented using transformers in the resonator, where the effective inductance can be controlled by injecting current into the secondary windings. Measurements show an average current consumption of 15 mA from a 1...
A dual-band VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator) for automotive radar system is proposed by 65nm CMOS process. The proposed VCO is splitting inductor and NMOS cross-coupled differential LC type and includes output matching buffer. The output frequencies of VCO are 76.4∼77.1GHz and 78.5∼ 80GHz. These frequency bands are proper to long-range and short-range radar sensor system of automotive radar at...
A 1.9 GHz film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) based complementary cross-coupled voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) designed in 0.18 μm CMOS is presented. DC latch and low frequency instability problems have been solved by the cross-coupled pairs with DC block capacitors. The open loop gain has been analyzed and optimized by considering the effect of transistors' size on enhancement of the stability...
An effective coupling topology for multi-phase oscillators is proposed and demonstrated in a standard 90nm CMOS technology. Compared with the conventional parallel or series coupling methods, the PMOS-source-follower coupled (PSFC) technique with the coupling transistors operated in the cut-off region can significantly reduce the flicker noise and hence the phase noise of VCO. The proposed PSFC QVCOs...
A new concept based on the injection of a periodically repeated oscillations train into an oscillator is presented. It is based on a phenomenon named pseudo-locking, leading to a novel programmable harmonic selection technique. Theoretical description of the concept is presented, in particular an analytical condition is carried out, paving the way of design rules. For a proof of concept, an oscillator...
In this paper, a K-band frequency synthesizer using 0.18-µm CMOS technology is presented. To achieve low-power consumption, a transformer-feedback voltage-controlled oscillator (TF-VCO) with a cascoded current mode logic (CML) frequency divider is proposed. Furthermore, the push-push structure is selected in TF-VCO to overcome the design trade-off between operating frequency and dc power consumption...
This paper proposes a tail-feedback VCO with adaptive current modulation scheme. The proposed current modulation scheme ensures robust startup conditions for the tail-feedback VCO. The proposed VCO is implemented in a 0.18-µm CMOS process. The measured phase noise is −119.3dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset with a power dissipation of 6.8mW at 4.6GHz.
A new fully integrated, low power complementary cross-coupled quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO), divide-by-two frequency divider and double-balance mixer for biomedical applications are presented. The features of our proposed circuit are using charge recycling technique to reduce current from the divider, employing adaptive body-biasing technique (ABB) to drop the minimum voltage clearance...
A frequency synthesizer with low phase noise, low chip area and low power dissipation operating at 5.2 GHz band is provide and processing 0.18-um CMOS from TSMC. The proposed design can be used for healthcare applications such as body sensor network. The proposed frequency synthesizer with a cross-coupled negative-resistance multiple-gated circuit (NRMGC) LC-tank voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)...
In this paper, we present differential Vackar voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) implemented for the first time in CMOS technology. The Vackar VCO provides good isolation between LC tank and loss-compensating active circuit; thus, excellent frequency stability is achieved over the frequency tuning range. Simple analysis and simulations examine the transistor loading effect and amplitude stability...
A transmitter for rotational spectroscopy using a fractional-N PLL (FNPLL) that generates frequency shift keyed signals from 85 to 127 GHz (39% tuning range) with a fine frequency step of ∼570 Hz and settling time of ∼10 μS is demonstrated. Implemented in 65-nm CMOS, the FNPLL delivers greater than 5 μW of output power, and achieves measured phase noise of less than −70 dBc/Hz in-band and less than...
A new enhanced swing class-D quadrature VCO which operates from a supply voltage as low as 350 mV is presented. The prototype 5 GHz VCO was fabricated in a 65 nm RF CMOS process. The measured phase noise performance is −137.1 dBc/Hz at 3 MHz offset with a power dissipation of 2.1 mW from a 0.35 V supply. The resulting figure-of-merit (FoM) is 198.3 dBc/Hz. Compared to prior CMOS LC VCO designs, the...
This paper presents low-cost small-area DC-to-8GHz packaged and ESD-protected wideband LNAs and a wideband fractional-N frequency synthesizers implemented in CMOS technologies for reconfigurable radio applications.
In this paper, a CMOS LC-VCO with low phase noise for UHF RFID reader is proposed. A symmetrical second-harmonic resonant filtering technology is adopted to suppress the phase noise. The proposed LC-VCO is designed in Jazz 0.18 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The post-simulation results show that in the whole tuning range of 1.45 GHz to 2.02 GHz, the designed VCO has an excellent phase noise of lower than...
A dual-resonance mode millimeter-wave VCO with a transformer-coupled resonator in 45nm SOI CMOS is presented that achieves a record tuning range of 88.5% and generates frequencies in 21.1-to-54.5GHz range while consuming only 8-16mW from a 1V supply. Switched capacitor banks and a switched coupled inductor provide coarse tuning, while fine frequency tuning is performed with current-mode tuning. With...
This paper proposes a novel Injection Locked Rotary Traveling Wave Oscillator (IL-RTWO). The presented architechture employs a transconductance injector and a Rotary Traveling Wave Oscillator. The combination of switch Metal-Insulator-Metal capacitors (MIM-caps) and a novel use of Complementary Varactor Pairs (CVPs) achieves a 2GHz to 2.3 GHz frequency tuning range and 20kHz frequency resolution....
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