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A revised version of the contact resistance test structure based on the three-point probe method has been designed to determine the specific contact resistance, ??c (?? cm2) of the screen-printed Ag metallization on the top of the porous silicon surface of the solar cell. The contact structure consists of printed Ag metal contact on the top of the porous silicon surface and an aluminum/silver (Al/Ag)...
Innovalight has developed the Cougar?? Process, a method for making a high efficiency solar cell on a Cz-Si wafer with a proprietary Silicon Ink. With the use of an industrial inkjet printer, an n-type ink is deposited on a p-type silicon wafer in order to form a high efficiency selective emitter. The Cougar Process requires only an incremental modification to a conventional front-contact solar cell...
Following 6 years of intensive R&D at Suntech Power, the world record holding PERL cell design from The University of New South Wales (UNSW) has been successfully commercialized with product sales of the PLUTO technology to commence in mid 2009. This innovative new technology is having a major impact on production activities and plans for Suntech Power, the world's largest silicon solar cell manufacturer,...
Ray-trace simulation is used to quantify the optical losses of photovoltaic modules containing silicon cells. The simulations show that when the module's encapsulant is silicone rather than ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), the module's short-circuit current density under the AM1-5g spectrum is 0.7-1.1% higher for screen-printed multi-cSi cells, 0.5-1.2% higher for screen-printed mono-cSi cells, and 1...
This study addresses the role of p-type buffer layers between ZnO:Al (AZO) TCO and p a-SiC:H window layer. When AZO is used as a front TCO in conventional a-Si:H solar cells incorporating p a-SiC:H window, the fill factor (FF) significantly decreases in different with SnO2:F (FTO). Various buffer layers with different conductivity and crystalline properties are inserted between AZO and p a-SiC:H and...
Heteroepitaxy SiGe on Si by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) is a potential material for photovoltaic application. The Si0.05Ge0.95 solar cell with an energy gap of 0.72 eV can lead to a 7 percentage point increase in the Si-based multi-bandgap system or any multi-bandgap system that contains Si as the 1.1 eV solar cell. In this initial work we report first growth SixGe1-x with 0.5<x<1 on Si substrate...
This study, the performance of the (In0.1Ga0.9N/SiC/Si) solar cell was theoretically designed and investigated. The design and performance evaluated by developing simulation models that are included in our simulator (ISE TCD). The limitation of the current versus voltage and efficiency values will be discuss and analyze. The calculation of current and voltage has been done under AM 1.5 with doping...
This paper presents the solar cells fabrication on multicrystalline silicon substrate with maximum efficiency of 13% by laboratory technology and main equipments used to characterization of such devices. The main objective was the minimizing the production cost maintaining the device performances. For these reasons the general concept of the technology consists of maximum seven steps, was used multicrystalline...
In this paper, a discussion is made of the design of silicon cells to be used in a six-junction tandem solar cell structure as part of the Very High Efficiency Solar Cell (VHESC) program. Minority carrier recombination at surfaces and in the volume, internal quantum efficiency, resistance losses, free carrier parasitic absorption, optical reflection, light trapping, and light absorption must be traded...
Selective emitter formation in silicon based solar cell is recently becoming a common technique to enhance the blue response of solar cell. In this work, we suggest a novel procedure based on a self alignment thought to overcome the realignment problems that still limit its industrial request. The idea is based on a plasma dry etching procedure of the emitter region using the metal grid of the cell...
Thin-film photovoltaic modules made of materials such as copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS), cadmium telluride (CdTe) and amorphous silicon (a-Si) offer the opportunity to reduce solar energy manufacturing costs through the minimization of material usage, as compared to more longstanding PV systems such as crystalline silicon. The market share for thin-film PV is still low but recently has begun...
Solar cells are one of the best alternatives compared to our conventional or fossil energy and, thus, can play an important role in energy economy in an environment friendly fashion in the coming years. The main barrier of this technology is its low efficiency. Though the maximum theoretical efficiency of a solar cell teaches up to 86% but the practical situation is still far behind. We have discussed...
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