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The purpose of this study was to examine the potential of diffusion-weighted (DW) three-dimensional (3D) MP-RAGE sequence for cerebral ischemia of a rat brain in vivo. The prototype of a DW-3D-MP-RAGE (3D-DWI) sequence was implemented at 2.0T animal experiment MR imager. The advantage of 3D imaging are that you obtain thinner and more slices with better profiles, and better signal-to-noise ratio for...
This paper presents an endovascular navigation of a ferromagnetic microdevice using a MRI-based predictive control. The concept was studied for future development of microrobot designed to perform minimally invasive interventions in remote sites accessible through the human cardiovascular system. A system software architecture is presented illustrating the different software modules to allow 3D navigation...
The importance of accurate early diagnostics of autism that severely affects personal behavior and communication skills cannot be overstated. Neuropathological studies have revealed an abnormal anatomy of the Corpus Callosum (CC) in autistic brains. We propose a new approach to quantitative analysis of three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the brain that ensures a more accurate...
This paper introduces a brain injury detection approach, using 3D filtering technique, for the images acquired by the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique. The proposed method uses the symmetry property of brain MRI on both 2D images and 3D volumetric information of the MRI sequences. The approach consists of two key steps: (1) each slice of a brain image is segmented into different parts using...
Dyslexia severely impairs learning abilities, so that improved diagnostic methods are called for. Neuropathological studies have revealed abnormal anatomy of the Corpus Callosum (CC) in dyslexic brains. We explore a possibility of distinguishing between dyslexic and normal (control) brains by quantitative CC shape analysis in 3D magnetic resonance images (MRI). Our approach consists of the three steps:...
While there has been significant progress in the treatment of ischemic heart failure, it remains a significant health and economic problem worldwide. In this paper, we present the challenges of modelling ischemic heart failure and introduce a user-friendly software system that will be a sub-set of the Virtual Pathological Heart environment which is currently being developed under the FP7 VPH2 project...
Clustering algorithms have been popularly applied in tissue segmentation in MRI. However, traditional clustering algorithms could not take advantage of some prior knowledge of data even when it does exist. In this paper, we propose a new approach to tissue segmentation of 3D brain MRI using semi-supervised spectral clustering. Spectral clustering algorithm is more powerful than traditional clustering...
A wide variety of metamaterial-engineered NFRP ESAs have been designed, fabricated and tested. The predicted and measured performance properties of several of these metamaterial-engineered NFRP ESAs will be compared in our presentation.
So far, most of the defects at system level are assembly related. This trend obviously concerns Systems in Package, Stacked dies, Packages on Package devices, passive integration, integration of logic, power, wireless, analog, sensor and actuator in the same packaged device... All these Systems in Package defy our failure localization tools. For the first time, we have to face non transparent material,...
MRI studies in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have focused primarily on manually-based hippocampal volumetry. However, the variation in cortical thickness and the relationship between the cortical volume and thickness alteration has not been well investigated in PTSD. In this paper, Laplacian method was first utilized to estimate cortical thickness after automatic segmentation of grey matter...
A key parameter in metabolic and pathologic studies is the estimation of body tissue distribution. This is a laborious and operator-dependent process. In this work we introduce an unsupervised muscle and fat quantification algorithm based on water only, fat only and water-and-fat MRI images of the mid-thigh area. We first use parametric deformable models to segment the subcutaneous fat and then apply...
Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is commonly performed using 2D single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI). However, recent studies have suggested that 3D multi-shot sequences such as PRESTO may offer comparable BOLD contrast-to-noise ratio with increased volume coverage and decreased geometric distortions. A four-way comparison was performed between...
In MRI images, the boundary of each encephalic tissue is highly irregular. Sphere-Shaped Support Vector Machine (SSSVM) has the advantage of solving high non-linearity and irregularity problems. In this paper, SSSVM is applied in brain MRI image 3D reconstruction. Selecting parameters for SSSVM, however, is a complicated problem. Appropriate parameters can make the model more flexible and help to...
Dyslexia severely impairs learning abilities of children, so that improved diagnostic methods are needed. Neuropathological studies have revealed an abnormal anatomy of the Corpus Callosum (CC) in dyslexic brains. We propose a new approach to quantitative analysis of three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the brain that ensures a more accurate quantification of anatomical differences...
A novel image registration method is presented for multi-modality, gated cardiac imaging. The motion of the myocardium is registered instead of attributes obtained from image intensities, which may be drastically different. Optical flow methods are used to estimate a set of 3D vector fields for both modalities. The 3D vector fields are assumed to be similar and are rigidly aligned by minimizing a...
Accurate localization of myocardial viability is important in diagnosis of infarction. Regional strain function provides excessive information for clinical decision making but comparison of strain tensor profiles across differing tissue types is usually difficult due to multi-variate nature of tensors. It is desirable to describe tensors with simplified scalar indices which are more mathematically...
This paper presents an improved version of a tracking algorithm for the extraction of the 3D central axis of tubular-like object in a low-contrast and multi-object environment. This improvement concerns two aspects: (1) an efficient Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filtering of the successive tracking directions is used to introduce regularization and (2) a multiple hypotheses testing procedure allows...
This paper presents the first demonstration of real time 3D tracking of organ deformation based on one-sided, limited view needlescopic optical imaging and a single pre-operative MRI/CT scan. The reconstruction is based on the empirical observation that the spherical harmonic coefficients corresponding to distorted surfaces of any given organ lie in lower dimensional spaces that can be learned during...
The acquisition of Diffusion Weighted MR images may be confounded by both patient motion and machine eddy currents, these may potentially be corrected by image registration. Two non-rigid registration schemes are compared to the result of an affine registration: a single fluid registration of the individual diffusion directions and a Progressive Principal Component Registration. All registrations...
Recent improvements in MRI scanners have enabled the acquisition of spatially consistent 3D images of the fetus. While recent works focused on the fetal brain segmentation, important outcome could be obtained from the segmentation of the whole fetal body envelope, such as accurate fetal weight estimation. In this paper, we propose to segment this envelope using a semi-automatic approach. MRI images...
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