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Tongue is one of the most important sensory organs of our system. With the help of tongue, we are able to distinguish between the various food items which we eat or drink. The sensors on the tongue identify the tastes which are classified as bitter, sour, salty, sweet, umami (delicious). These are the parameters that help in determining and distinguishing the liquids like beer, tea, coffee, honey,...
Thick-Film planar solid-state Silver/Silver Chloride (Ag/AgCl) reference electrodes were developed and tested for ion susceptibility and long term drift in approximately 0.04 M potassium chloride (KCl) solution. Various types of electrodes were tested exhibiting stabilities down to 2 millivolts per decade change of chloride concentration. It is demonstrated that Thick-Film reference electrodes are...
The ion sensitive sensor array (ISSA) based on layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembled graphene presented in this paper is capable of detecting different ions selectively with advantages of high sensing performance and low cost due to graphene inherent properties and self assembly technique. According to the conductance change of graphene, the detection limit of ISSA is down to 1 μM, much better than...
This work reports on development of a multi-analyte needle-type sensor for measurement of pH, phosphate, and oxidation reduction potential (ORP) in soil. The sensor was fabricated using meniscus etching and selective electrodeposition of sensing surfaces (cobalt oxide for phosphate, iridium oxide for pH, and gold for ORP). The cobalt-oxide based phosphate sensor showed ~53 mV/decade sensitivity in...
The fluorescence-based integrated chemical and enzyme sensor arrays on which two kinds of 10 μm i.d. sensor spots were arranged alternately on one chip, were developed by using microcontact printing. FITC, ruthenium complex and europium tetracycline was stamped onto a DLC sputtered glass slides for pH, oxygen and hydrogen peroxide sensors, respectively. After printing of oxygen sensor spots, pH sensor...
Redox cycling (RC) is an effect that is used to amplify electrochemical signals. However, traditional techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) do not provide clear insight for a mixture of multiple redox couples while RC is applied. Thus, we have developed a new measurement technique which delivers electrochemical spectra of all reversible redox couples present based on concentrations and standard...
This report describes our work on microfabricated containers that store small amounts of environmental samples for analysis. The containers are based on “strain architecture,” a fabrication technique which causes planar microstructures to fold out of plane from the substrate. These structures remain connected to electrodes for thermal actuation, electrochemical sample collection, and gas generation...
Surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor is generally known as high-resolution mass-sensitive transducers. We developed a novel SAW sensing array based on 2 × 2 non-continuously working oscillators equipped with differently coated SAW sensors, respectively, which is used to analyze organic compound gases. The sensing array consisting of four two-port SAW resonator sensors with a fundamental frequency at...
This paper reports a parallel monitoring method for single cell metabolic and respiration activity by using a microarrayed pH and oxygen sensor. Optical sensor film was prepared by immobilizing fluorescein isothiocyanate (for pH sensor array) or dichlorotris (1,10-phenanthroline) ruthenium (II) (for oxygen sensor array) onto a diamond like carbon sputtered slide glass. Micro well (10 mum i.d.) array...
In this work we present the development and proof of concept testing of a protoype wireless e-nose (w-nose) architecture capable of mesh shaped networking. The proposed w-nose is based on a TelosB by Crossbow Inc. and custom, power aware, TinyOS based components for data gathering and local processing. Sensor nodes are equipped with a small array of nonconductive polymer/CB based chemiresistors operating...
The design and experimental setup of a smart cap are presented. It is capable of sniffing the vapors of extra virgin olive oil, thus alerting the consumer or the retailer of any rancid flavor. The cap is made of an array of metalloporphyrin-based optochemical sensors, the colors of which are modulated by the concentration of aldehydes, the main responsible for rancid off-flavors. A micro-optic device,...
In this paper we show that oxide-coating of Si nanowires (NWs) limit the response of Si NW field effect transistors (FETs) to their environment, also if the NWs are coated with adsorptive molecular functionality. This behavior is in accord with prior works showing that Si/SiO2 interface trap and scatters carriers and compensate for the back gate voltage of FETs. Etching-away the SiO2 and terminating...
Silicon smart microchips with CMOS/MEMS technology are realized for intelligent sensing. In our developed chips, tow new type sensor chips are presented here. One is Si microprobe electrode array for using in the recording of neurons in the tissue. The probe array can be fabricated on IC chip, using standard IC process followed by a selective Si probe growth. Another one is pH image sensors successfully...
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