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Little is known about the effects of manganese (Mn) exposure over neurodevelopment and whether these early insults result in effects lasting into adulthood. To determine if early Mn exposure produces lasting neurobehavioral and neurochemical effects, we treated neonate rats with oral Mn (0, 25, or 50 mg Mn/kg/d over PND 1–21) and evaluated (1) behavioral performance in the open arena in the absence...
Insomnia, depression, and anxiety disorder are common problems for people with neuropathic pain. In this study, mild noxious heat stimuli increased the duration and number of spontaneous pain‐like behaviors in sciatic nerve‐ligated mice. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to visualize the increased blood oxygenation level‐dependent signal intensity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)...
In the central nervous system, cystine import in exchange for glutamate through system
is critical for the production of the antioxidant glutathione by astrocytes, as well as the maintenance of extracellular glutamate. Therefore, regulation of system
activity affects multiple aspects of cellular physiology and may contribute to disease states. Pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide...
Brain extracellular space (ECS) is an interconnected channel that allows diffusion‐mediated transport of signaling molecules, metabolites, and drugs. We tested the hypothesis that β‐adrenergic receptor (βAR) activation impacts extracellular diffusion‐mediated transport of molecules through alterations in the morphology of astrocytes. Two structural parameters of ECS—volume fraction and tortuosity—govern...
Dysfunction of mitochondrial activity is often associated with the onset and progress of neurodegenerative diseases. Membrane depolarization induced by Na+ influx increases intracellular Ca2+ levels in neurons, which upregulates mitochondrial activity. However, overlimit of Na+ influx and its prolonged retention ultimately cause excitotoxicity leading to neuronal cell death. To return the membrane...
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