The use of different herbal products can involve several kinds of risks that include improper labeling or failure to provide the correct constituents; inadequate testing of the herbal product in clinical trials; failure to provide the stated amounts of active constituents; contraindications between known herbs and synthetic prescription drugs used to treat the same disease; overdosing or underdosing; contamination of herbal preparations with pathogens, pesticides, and heavy metals; expired shelf life; and problems with formulations that render them ineffective (e.g., ineffective dried preps in capsules versus effective formulations taken as tinctures). In this chapter, we shall address many of these issues. They are basically issues of quality control that involve the latest advances in plantbiotechnology.