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BML realizers are complex software modules that implement a standardized interface –the BML specification language– to steer the behavior of a virtual human. We aim to promote and test the compliance of realizers that implement this interface. To this end we contribute a corpus of example BML scripts and a tool called RealizerTester that can be used to formally test and maintain adherence of realizers...
We describe CMION, an open source architecture for coordinating the various sensors and effectors of an artificial intelligent agent with its mind, i.e. the high level decision making processes. The architecture was designed to work for virtual graphical agents, including those on mobile devices, as well as robots. Its built-in migration feature allows a character to move between these differing embodiments,...
In this paper we show how behavior scheduling for Virtual Humans can be viewed as a constraint optimization problem, and how Elckerlyc uses this view to maintain a extensible behavior plan representation that allows one to make micro-adjustments to behaviors while keeping constraints between them intact. These capabilities make it possible to implement tight mutual behavior coordination between a...
When developing a conversational agent, there is often an urgent need to have a prototype available in order to test the application with real users. A Wizard of Oz is a possibility, but sometimes the agent should be simply deployed in the environment where it will be used. Here, the agent should be able to capture as many interactions as possible and to understand how people react to failure. In...
We discuss here the need to define what we call an agent conversational language, a language for Embodied Conversational Agents (ECA) to have conversations with a human. We propose a set of Expressive Multimodal Conversation Acts (EMCA), which is based on the Expressive Speech Acts that we introduced in a previous work, enriched with the multimodal expression of the emotions linked to these acts....
We propose extensions to the SAIBA BML language, aiming in particular to specify reactive behavior and continuous interaction. Examples of interaction scenarios are provided that illustrate the usefulness of these extensions. The impact on the SAIBA architecture is discussed.
A new experimental method based on the dual task paradigm is used to evaluate speech intelligibility of an embodied conversational agent (ECA). The experiment consists of the manipulation of auditory-visual (AV) versus auditory-only (A) presentation of speech. In the dual task, participants perform two tasks concurrently. The secondary task is sensitive to cognitive processing demands of the primary...
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