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A software development process is strictly related to the representation and the management of the involved objects. Software products, tools, and computational resources are typical objects. It is convenient to distinguish the definition of software process activities and the issues that pertain to object management. Standard services have been introduced in Oikos to provide process activities with...
SPADE is a project carried out at CEFRIEL and Politecnico di Milano. It aims at defining a process modeling language (called SLANG) and a Process-centered Software Engineering Environment (PSEE) based on this language. PSEEs support software activities through the execution of the model of the software process. Such a model integrates the description of human activities and of the interaction between...
Research work on Software Process Modelling in which ICL has been involved has focussed on the use of specially designed process modelling languages such as MASP [Gri92] from the ALF Project [Old92] or PML [B+] from the IPSE 2.5 Project [War89], which are used to construct the “glue” that binds software development tools together to create “process centred environments” (PCEs). A problem common to...
We have presented a taxonomy for PSE architectures and process model instructions. A method for measuring the performance of PSE architectures is given w.r.t. process models. We would have liked to categorize existing PSEs according to the architectures we have presented, but papers about these PSEs always refer to out-of-date versions and it could have been easy to make mistakes or underestimations...
In many existing process modelling approaches, the emphasis is on the representations of process models, but not so much on the development of them. In this paper we present a method, called OBM, for developing such representations using a stepwise refinement technique. An example is used to show how a model may be gradually refined.
Many current process modelling approaches are notationally complex, and therefore inappropriate within relatively small software development environments. What is needed is a more pragmatic approach. This paper describes some process modelling work, based upon data flow techniques, conducted at a small software development organization. Our findings suggest that significant benefits can accrue from...
An examination of existing process programming-languages has shown, that none of them explicitly supports the design of software processes. Most of the process programming-languages are on the same level as “traditional” programming-languages and, therefore, are difficult to understand and unsuitable for explaining the process defined. A promising starting point for an intuitive representation of...
Concurrency Control is the ability to allow concurrent access of multiple independent agents while still maintaining the overall consistency of the database. We discuss the notion of Cooperation Control, which gives a dbms, the ability to allow cooperation of multiple cooperating agents, without corrupting the consistency of the database. Specifically, there is the need for allowing cooperating agents...
The issues we have discussed above have a number of implications for the design of formalisms or languages for constructing enactable process definitions, and for the design of process definition enactment mechanisms that would form part of process centered environments. At this stage, it would be premature to regard these implications as requirements, even in an informal sense, but we believe that...
Interact/Intermediate supports goal-directed process modeling in such a way as to maximize the concurrency of activities and to minimize the direct control of humans in the process. In this context, there are three different and interacting loci of control which we illustrate and discuss with an example: an implicit, internal locus of control; an external, arbitrary locus of control; and an explicit,...
Process model descriptions can be evaluated with respect to their ability to express navigational strategies and constraints in relation to the four important development scenarios (cf. table below). Being still far from an optimal representation, we need more experiments and at the same time we need to understand better the requirements of the different development scenarios in order to to...
The software process situations to be modelled usually exhibit a great diversity and complexity, as data, local behaviour as well as coordination of behaviour of human and non-human agents have to be modelled on a fine-grained level. Unfortunately no existing specification formalism seems to be sufficiently suitable. To this aim the paper proposes a specification formalism, which combines the best...
Process enactment systems are inherently distributed; a single central server cannot be assumed, and the configuration and behaviour of nodes is dynamic. Hence we require distributed enactment models majoring on process mobility, with a framework for reasoning about and controlling change. We have built tools to investigate such dynamic process enactment systems, using the Document Flow Model (DFM)...
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