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In this paper, a boron-doped diamond film, a new type of environmentally friendly electrode, was used as the sensing electrode. The analysis of trace metal cadmium was carried out by ultrasound-assisted square wave anodic stripping voltammetry. The influence of some experimental variables such as the supporting electrolyte, accumulation potential and accumulation time were investigated. Under the...
Nature clay, i.e., montmorillonite (MMT), can be used as support materials of anode electrocatalyst in the direct formic acid fuel cell. The nitrogen-containing composite support (MMT-CNx) was prepared via carbonizing MMT which was covered by polyaniline. Pd/MMT-CNx and Pd/C catalysts were prepared as formic acid oxidation catalysts using an improved...
LiCrxMn2−xO4 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.12) materials were effectively synthesized by imidazolium-based ionic liquid as reaction medium at ambient pressure. The morphologies of Cr-doped LiMn2O4 via calcination were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM reveals that the LiCr0.12Mn1.88O4 sample has regular nanostructure and a uniform particle size of 50–100 nm. Among the four samples...
Current view about cell is that the cell is a watery solution coated with semi-permeable membrane and there exists nonzero potential, so-called membrane potential, across the semi-permeable cell membrane. Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation and Donnan theory are the fundamental existing theories for explaining the cause of membrane potential generation. However, the observations of membrane potential inexplicable...
Elastic hollow SnO2 microspheres are synthesized through a facile templating method. The obtained hollow microspheres have a size of 1–3 μm, which are assembled by lots of nanoparticles of ∼20 nm. The electrochemical performance of the spheres as anode materials for lithium–ion batteries is evaluated. Benefited from the intrinsic structure advantages, the hollow tin dioxide exhibits good electrochemical...
With an increasing trend of ionic polymer metal composites (IPMC) applied in marine system surrounding with abundant K+ and Na+ ions, efforts of IPMC with different electrolytes on actuating properties were investigated. In this paper, different IPMC were prepared using Li+, Na+, and K+ as the electrolyte cations and water, ionic liquid, and ethylene glycol as the electrolyte solvent. Actuating parameters...
A weakly coordinating room-temperature ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl)- trifluorophosphate ([Emim]+[FAP]−), is investigated by DFT method at B3LYP/6-31+G(d, p) level. Four locally stable conformers of the ion pair were located. Atoms-in-molecules (AIM) and electron density analysis indicated the existence of hydrogen bonds. Further investigation through Natural Bond...
Gel polymer electrolytes containing various concentrations of an ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide in an optimized composition of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and zinc triflate (ZnTr) were prepared by solution casting technique and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and AC impedance...
In this work, cellulose acetate–tin (IV) phosphate nanocomposite (CA/TPNC) ion exchanger has been explored for its photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution. The CA/TPNC was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The ion exchange capacity of nanocomposite ion exchanger was...
We investigated the structural and thermal properties of a gel polymer electrolyte prepared with poly(ethylene oxide-co-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl glycidyl ether) (P(EO/EM) matrix, γ-butyrolactone (GBL), and LiI/I2. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements were carried out in different temperatures for the aforementioned electrolyte composition in order to understand the interaction between...
Carbon sources have large impacts on the capacity of LiFePO4/C mixture. In this work, mixed carbon sources with different ratios were employed to prepare promising carbons to improve the capacity of LiFePO4-based cathode. The highest electrical performance was achieved with sample prepared from carbon source mixed of 30 % PF and 70 % sucrose. The discharge capacity of this novel cathode, whose actual...
The effects of Cr3+ doping and citric acid combustion on the electrochemical properties of Li4Ti5O12 were systematically investigated. The solid-state reaction process was used to synthesize four samples marked as LTO, C-LTO, LT-Cr-O, and C-LT-Cr-O, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were employed to study their structures and morphologies...
Carbon innercoated ordered porous TiO2 were prepared by anodic oxidation of pure titanium sheets, followed by in situ decomposition of glucose in the TiO2. Structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties of the composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and a variety of electrochemical testing techniques...
Carbon-coated and titanium-substituted lithium vanadium phosphate composites have been successfully prepared through a sol-gel method followed by solid-state reaction under argon. Li3V1.9Ti0.1(PO4)3-C (LVT10PC) and Li3V1.85Ti0.15(PO4)3-C (LVT15PC) were investigated using X-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis, transmission electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic tests. Different...
Graphene deposited with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-β-CD-Gr) has been synthesized by thermal reduction of graphene oxide and silver nitrate via β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). It offers a simple, green, and efficient procedure to yield nanocomposites with silver nanoparticles anchored on graphene support, uniformly and stably. Guanine and adenine were simultaneously detected on the modified electrode (AgNPs-β-CD-Gr/GCE)...
La2CoMnO6 has attracted intensive research interest because of its prospect for novel technological applications and rich fundamental physics. And, due to the similar radii size as well as small covalent difference (as large as 2) between Co and Mn, cation disorder should be intrinsic within this perovskite. We performed comprehensive first-principles calculations on both La2CoMnO6 (LCMO) and LCMO...
Iron nanoparticles wrapped in N-doped carbon (INC) were synthesized by a two-step method which includes a hydrothermal and a thermal treatment. The PtSn nanoparticles were then deposited on the resulting carbon material using an ethylene glycol reduction method. Scanning electron microscopy images indicated INC had an interconnected, porous framework with continuous macropores in the micrometer range...
Floss-like Ni–Co binary hydroxides (FL-NCOH), assembled by whisker-like nanowires, are synthesized via a facile hydrothermal process with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) as the soft template. The forming process of FL-NCOH is clarified by tuning the hydrothermal reaction time. The result indicates that floccule-like nickel–cobalt hydroxide nanoclusters gradually become longer and slenderer...
A sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas sensor based on a novel structural sensing electrode was fabricated. The sensor consists of yttria-stabilized zirconia as the oxygen ion conductor, silver sulfate-based salts as the auxiliary phase, a silver/platinum mixed paste as the sensing electrode/catalyst, and a platinum paste as the reference electrode. Ball milling was employed to decrease the particle size of the...
The group method of data handling (GMDH) was utilized to estimate the surface tension of 59 ionic liquids. In this regard, an extensive experimental data was selected from literature over the range 268.3 to 532.4 K. The GMDH model can predict the surface tension of ionic liquids by a grand polynomial correlation function of molar density, reduced boiling temperature, reduced temperature and pressure,...
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