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Main conclusion We observed a close correlation between the inhibition of photosystem II and the oxidation of polyphenols during an acute oxidative stress in sunflower leaf discs. Abstract To assess the physiological significance of polyphenols as antioxidants in planta, we compared the kinetics of polyphenols oxidation with the inhibition of the photosynthetic apparatus in sunflower leaf discs...
Main conclusion Exosomes in the secondary phloem and secondary xylem of angiosperms and gymnosperms have physiological roles in the storage and transport of endoglucanases. Abstract Knowledge of plant extracellular vesicles (EVs) is limited by their presence in the apoplastic fluid of seeds and leaves. The contents of plant EVs and their biological functions are unclear. The aim of the present study...
Main conclusion The functional homologs WS1A and WS1B, identified by map-based cloning, control the burley character by affecting chloroplast development in tobacco, contributing to gene isolation and genetic improvement in polyploid crops. Abstract Burley represents a special type of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivar that is characterized by a white stem with a high degree of chlorophyll...
Main conclusion We cloned eight transcription factors that activate lavender monoterpene synthase promoters. Abstract In this study, we employed the Yeast One-Hybrid (Y1H) assay system to identify transcription factors that control promoters for two Lavandula × intermedia monoterpene synthase genes, linalool synthase (LiLINS) and 1,8-cineole synthase (LiCINS). The bait sequences used in the assay...
Main conclusion Five poplar CHASE-containing histidine kinase receptors bind cytokinins and display kinase activities. Both endogenous isoprenoid and aromatic cytokinins bind to the receptors in live cell assays. Abstract Cytokinins are phytohormones that play key roles in various developmental processes in plants. The poplar species Populus × canadensis, cv. Robusta, is the first organism found...
Main conclusion Local and systemic induction of JA-associated chemical defenses and resistance to western flower thrips in Chrysanthemum are spatially variable and dependent on the site of the JA application. Abstract Plants have evolved numerous inducible defense traits to resist or tolerate herbivory, which can be activated locally at the site of the damage, or systemically through the whole plant...
Main conclusion CRK28, a cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase, plays a role in root organogenesis and overall growth of plants and antagonizes abscisic acid response in seed germination and primary root growth. Abstract Receptor-like kinases (RLK) orchestrate development and adaptation to environmental changes in plants. One of the largest RLK groups comprises cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs),...
Main conclusionThe extremophyteEutrema salsugineum(Yukon ecotype) has adapted to an environment low in available phosphate through metabolic and root-associated traits that enables it to efficiently retrieve, use, and recycle phosphorus. Abstract Efficient phosphate (Pi) use by plants would increase crop productivity under Pi-limiting conditions and reduce our reliance on Pi applied as fertilizer...
Main conclusion TOR signaling is finely regulated under diverse abiotic stresses and may be required for the plant response with a different time-course depending on the duration and nature of the stress. Abstract Target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling is a central regulator of growth and development in eukaryotic organisms. However, its regulation under stress conditions has not yet been elucidated...
Main conclusion This study provides new insights that alternative splicing participates with transcriptional control in defense responses to Colletotrichum sublineola in sorghum Abstract In eukaryotic organisms, alternative splicing (AS) is an important post-transcriptional mechanism to generate multiple transcript isoforms from a single gene. Protein variants translated from splicing isoforms may...
Main conclusion Phenolic oxidative coupling protein (Hyp-1) isolated from Hypericum perforatum L. was characterized as a defense gene involved in H. perforatum recalcitrance to Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation Abstract Hypericum perforatum L. is a reservoir of high-value secondary metabolites of increasing interest to researchers and to the pharmaceutical industry. However, improving...
Main conclusion Components of the photosynthetic electron transport chain in pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaves under in vivo conditions showed the following sensitivity to the inhibitory action of chromium(VI): intersystem electron transport > photosystem I > photosystem II. Abstract Inhibitory effects of chromium (VI) (K2Cr2O7, Cr) on the light reactions of photosynthesis were studied in vivo...
Main conclusion miRNA targets from Citrus sinensis are predicted and validated using degradome data. They show an up-regulation upon infection with CPsV, with a positive correlation between target expression and symptom severity. Abstract Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) may suffer from disease symptoms induced by virus infections, thus resulting in drastic economic losses. Infection of sweet orange...
Main conclusions Using 227 dicotyledonous species in temperate region, we found the relationships among densities of different-order veins, creating diversity of leaf vascular architectures. Abstract Dicotyledonous angiosperms commonly possess a hierarchical leaf vascular system, wherein veins of different orders have different functions. Minor vein spacing determines leaf hydraulic efficiency,...
Main conclusion Plant osmoprotectants protect against abiotic stresses. Introgression of osmoprotectant genes into crop plants via genetic engineering is an important strategy in developing more productive plants. Abstract Plants employ adaptive mechanisms to survive various abiotic stresses. One mechanism, the osmoprotection system, utilizes various groups of low molecular weight compounds, collectively...
Main conclusion The phosphate transporters LpPHT1;1 and LpPHT1;4 have different roles in phosphate uptake and translocation in ryegrass under P stress condition. Abstract The phosphate transporter 1 (PHT1) family are integral membrane proteins that operate in phosphate uptake, distribution and remobilization within plants. In this study, we report on the functional characterization and expression...
Main conclusion The improvement of photosynthesis using biotechnological approaches has been the focus of much research. It is now vital that these strategies be assessed under future atmospheric conditions. Abstract The demand for crop products is expanding at an alarming rate due to population growth, enhanced affluence, increased per capita calorie consumption, and an escalating need for plant-based...
Molecular biology can serve as a tool to solve the limitations of traditional breeding and cultivation techniques related to flower patterns, the improvement of flower color, and the regulation of flowering and stress resistance. These characteristics of molecular biology ensured its significant role in improving the efficiency of breeding and germplasm amelioration of Paeonia. This review describes...
Main conclusion Both root nodules and the rhizosphere of Fabaceae plants grown on organic farms are a rich source of bacteria, mainly from the families Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae. The enhanced root system growth in M. truncatula after inoculation with selected bacteria includes an increase of nuclei in the cell cycle S phase and a reduction in phase G2 as well as an enhanced expression...
Main conclusion This study unravels the transcriptional response of a highly productive faba bean cultivar under vernalization treatment. Abstract Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a member of the Leguminosae family and an important food crop worldwide providing valuable nutrients for humans. However, genome-wide studies and comprehensive sequencing resources of faba bean remain limited. Vernalization...
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