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Conference proceedings front matter may contain various advertisements, welcome messages, committee or program information, and other miscellaneous conference information. This may in some cases also include the cover art, table of contents, copyright statements, title-page or half title-pages, blank pages, venue maps or other general information relating to the conference that was part of the original...
In order to achieve sub-millimeter position resolution for tracking cosmic ray muon for building muon tomography system, a prototype of MRPC with narrow strips readout is designed and assembled. The width of readout pitch of the module is 2.54mm. Experiments by cosmic rays and X-rays have been carried out. After the calibration for each channel, the position is reconstructed by charge distribution...
In recent years the need to have a better control of potentially dangerous materials across the borders has raised the opportunity to search for alternative detection techniques. In particular, to detect the presence of hidden high-Z materials inside containers, traditional techniques based on X-rays or neutron scattering are of limited use, and prototypes of detection systems based on cosmic muon...
Many practical Baggage Inspections use Single-slice detector Helical CT systems (SH-CT) to balance the system cost, scanning time and recognition capability. The scanning time is usually quite short to meet the overall throughput rate, which results the projection data quite insufficient and hard to reconstruct well with ordinary methods. Usually an original reconstruction method can only reconstruct...
Applications such as the Active Interrogation of shielded nuclear material that require the detection of specific gamma and neutron signatures in a high mixed radiation field background, require detector materials and device fabrications that are not highly susceptible to neutron or photon activation. This paper presents an activation analysis from Active Interrogation experiments where a pulsed-power...
The presence of radioactive and nuclear materials (RN) can be detected, indentified or inferred through the detection of emitted neutrons and gammas. For Homeland Security applications a robust detection approach is required, with minimal false alarms and technology suited to the field of deployment. This paper explores methods of combining and analyzing signals from multiple detectors, applying data...
CT baggage scanning system is effective to detect the explosive and drug. In order to balance the system cost, scanning time and recognition capability, Dual Energy Single-slice Helical CT (DE-SHCT) has been widely adopted. The projection data is quite insufficient and hard to reconstruct well for material recognition with ordinary methods. In this paper we propose the ART+3DTV reconstruction method...
An ongoing programme investigating the active detection of special nuclear material (SNM) is being undertaken by the Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) in collaboration with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The programme is funded through the UK Home Office, Ministry of Defence and Cabinet Office and the Naval Research Laboratory supported primarily through the US Defence Threat Reduction Agency...
In this work we have shown that the analog and mixed analog-digital methods can be effectively implemented to achieve gamma ray and neutron separation with CLYC scintillators. Our experiments show that the gamma ray rejection ratio of the both systems exceeds 10−7 with very low loss of the neutron counts. Both methods are low power and very compact, which makes them suitable for handheld applications...
The specification, design, and initial measurements of a thallium-doped sodium-iodide well-type scintillator for the principle use in detecting 40K concentrations in open-source potassium chloride aqueous solutions is discussed. The hazards, safety concerns and radwaste generation associated with using open-source radioactive isotopes present significant difficulties and costs to radioanalytical laboratory...
An ongoing programme looking at the active detection of special nuclear material (SNM) is being undertaken by the Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) in collaboration with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). As part of this programme, pulsed-power driven neutron experiments were conducted at the NRL Mercury accelerator. Mercury was used in a positive polarity mode to produce and accelerate protons...
Cosmic-ray muon radiography is a novel method to detect high-Z materials in thick shield, and the reconstruction algorithm is the key point of this technique. In this paper, we have improved the traditional maximum likelihood algorithm, using EM method to get the estimation and OS technique to accelerate, and using the result from the Point of Closest Approach algorithm as the initial value. Having...
Excitations in 235U were measured with LaBr3:Ce scintillation detectors using the nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) technique. A NRF experiment was performed at the High Intensity γ-ray Source (HI?S) facility using quasi-monochromatic circularly or linearly polarized γ-ray beams. Photons scattered at 90° relative to the incident beam were detected with two different sizes of cylindrical LaBr3:Ce...
Muon Scattering Tomography is a scanning technique which uses cosmic muons as probes to gather information on the content of the inspected volume. Because the scattering angle depends on the Z2 of the materials in the volume, it is possible to obtain a 3D image of the volume content by carefully tracking the muon paths. This has very interesting potential applications in several fields, from engineering...
A spectrum of a radio isotope (RI) contains a single or multiple photo-peaks and radio-activities of all energy levels. These characteristics of each RI source are measured by radiation monitor (RM) systems. However, if the radiation count is extremely low and source to detector distance is too far, we cannot acquire good spectroscopic results for RI identification by RM devices while we still able...
The management of the storage of radioactive waste produced in the operation of nuclear power plants (NPPs) requires knowledge of the radionuclides present in the waste and their specific activities. The large majority of the radionuclides which are important for the long-term storage of the waste are difficult-to-measure nuclides (DTM nuclides) which activity cannot be measured from the outside of...
In the past decades several authors have demonstrated the ability of X-Ray Diffraction Imaging (XDI) in providing spatial and material specific information about the object under investigation [1]. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Diffraction (EDXRD) systems detect diffraction patterns by using a polychromatic spectrum and measuring the coherently scattered beam at a specific angle. This type of molecular-specific...
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