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In present work results of reconstructions of the Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) and circulation of the water masses in the northern part of Iceland Basin are shown.
The new ocean radar system “WERA-S” is the more compact successor of the well known WERA system. The new system provides several new features to provide more flexibility for site geometry to make the site selection easier. In particular the wire-less connection between the transmit and receive unit allows to install the WERA-S even at populated coasts where suited sites are rare. Furthermore the power...
High temporal and spatial variability of environment in Baltic Sea was the crucial for formation of different herring stocks isolated from each other. Nowadays, herring in the Baltic Sea is divided into two seasonal races or populations — spring spawning and autumn spawning. The mixture of herring from coastal area (the most abundant in Southern and Southeast Baltic) and open sea areas (spread out...
Briefly examine centres d'action of atmosphere conception (1880) illustrated by works of the second half of 20-th century and study nova days daily weather satellite information 2002–2011.
This paper focuses on dynamics and changes in coastal shallow water ecosystem in the eastern Baltic Sea that is main habitat for representatives of malacostracan crustaceans and the most sensitive ecotone subjected to eutrophication and climate changes. Global warming has facilitated the rapid dispersal of everythermic crustaceans from Ponto-Caspian and Mediterranean basins to the Baltic Sea and further...
Two quantities supposed to measure the average effect of eddy rotation (gyration effect) in the upper ocean are discussed. The quantities under consideration are the gyration vector introduced in the theory of rotationally anisotropic turbulence and the spin following from the Lagrangian stochastic turbulence models. It is shown that while the gyration vector expresses an average kinematic effect...
Several sea level oscillations were fixed in composition and in the modern morphology (zonal structure) of the Baltic accretive coastal barriers — Curonian and Vistula Spits. Marine sediments were found in deep blow-outs of both spits and in ancient sand beach ridge near Kosa settlement of Vistula Spit. These sediments are corresponding to one of the last peaks of Limnea transgression.
The Neva estuary is a shallow water body, characterized by low salinity (0–3.5‰) and high level of eutrophication. Sampling was conducted along the coast in 2002–2011 by scuba-diving method. Every summer we observed mass development of fast-growing filamentous macroalgae (up to 450 gDWm−2) and the formation of decaying mats. During study period dredging works and land reclamation led to significant...
The question of socio-economic efficiency of dredging projects and dredging works from the point of view of comprehensive long-term and short-term factors during and after project completion is observed. A lack of methods to assess the socio-economic efficiency taking into account long-term factors is marked. An indicator method for such assessments is proposed. As an example, the result of socio-economic...
A polarimetric model is proposed to observe targets at sea by X-band COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data, acquired in dual-polarization PingPong mode. The model relates the correlation between the HH and VV channels to the scene coherence time with and without metallic targets. Following this theoretical rationale, a very effective Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) approach is proposed...
Field studies in the form of Ecological Monitoring of Dredging and Reclamation (EMDR) program in the Eastern Gulf of Finland were carried out since 1999 by expert team specialists. Principal questions and goals of the EMDR are: (1) revealing of the short- and long-term environmental effects from dredging and reclamation, and establishing the difference between the natural and anthropogenic trends...
The Baltic Sea has been usually described as “practically non-tidal sea”. The statement is motivated by the landlocked intracontinental location of the sea connected to the ocean (North Sea) via narrow and sallow Danish Straits (Belt Sea). For most of the non-south-western Baltic Sea the tidal amplitude of the sea level is less that 10 cm except in the eastern Gulf of Finland (GoF) where the amplitudes...
Upwelling is a vertical motion of water, which involves deep cold nutrient-rich water rising to the surface. It affects changes in atmospheric phenomena (can cause fog, low stratus clouds and little rain) and involves eutrophication (when high nutrient concentrations stimulate blooms of algae). Usually for upwelling predictions the in situ method, numerical modeling, satellite data and other methods...
This paper presents the results of evaluation of several methods commonly used in coastal engineering practice for equilibrium beach profile calculation. Three approaches were used to calculate the shape of equilibrium beach profile: the Bruun-Dean formula, the method prescribed by Coastal Structure Construction Code, and numerical modeling by SBEACH. The calculation results were compared with the...
The extended in situ measurements of spectral radiometric characteristics were carried out in the South-Eastern Baltic jointly with satellite data of ocean color scanners MODIS and MERIS and in situ data on the chlorophyll concentration (Chl) and total suspended matter concentration (TSM). Due to the research new corrected bio-optical algorithms of satellite data have been developed providing better...
In this study water transparency measured in situ with Secchi disk was compared with maximal remote sensing signal depth Z90_max derived from MERIS/Envisat full resolution (300 m) data in the Lithuanian optically Case 2 coastal waters of the Baltic Sea. Eight MERIS full resolution Level 1b images from late spring and summer of 2010 were processed using three neural network based processors for optically...
The study is focused on a gravel-pebble spit in Kelba. It is a dynamic region in the magnitude and velocity of hydrodynamic and shore processes, where historical changes in shoreline position reflect the changes in wind and wave climate. The region has probably the roughest wave climate along the Estonian coast. In order to assess the changes in shoreline and configuration of shore formations, the...
The distribution of chemical elements in the sedimentary stratum reflects the features of terrigenous, biogenous or chemical processes during sedimentation in a climate change time span. Environmental changes form different amounts of organic substance (OM as Corg) in multi-age deposits. The changes during sedimentation and inflow of sedimentary material into the basin obviously impact the accumulation...
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