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Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) on board the US Defense Meteorology Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites includes six upper atmosphere sounding (UAS) channels. Radiances in three of the UAS channels, channels 19 - 21, are influenced by a combination of Doppler shift caused by Earth's rotation and the effect of the Zeeman-splitting of the O2 magnetic transition. In order to operationally...
In the near future two dedicated soil moisture satellites will be launched (SMOS and SMAP), both carrying an L-band radiometer. It is well known that microwave soil moisture retrieval algorithms must account for the physical temperature of the emitting surface. One proposed approach is the use of temperature output from numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. A radiative transfer model, as implemented...
Active and passive microwave remote sensing of snow have been studied with the same physical model of the Quasi-crystalline Approximation and the Dense Media Radiative Transfer (QCA-DMRT) Equation. The salient features of the model include a weaker frequency dependence and a stronger forward scattering than Rayleigh phase matrix for the same grain size. In this paper, we develop retrieval algorithms...
A new microwave radiometric ocean surface emissivity model has been developed to support the analysis and design of the new airborne Hurricane Imaging Radiometer, HIRAD. This radiative transfer model extends current ocean surface emissivity capabilities to higher wind speeds and incidence angles. This model utilizes a variety of empirical data sources many of which were collected in hurricanes.
A retrieval algorithm of atmospheric water vapor and cloud liquid water for Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) was developed. The algorithm uses a simple radiative transfer model which is composed of single atmospheric layer and ocean surface. The atmospheric transmittance was derived from an iteration calculation using vertical mean temperature estimated from...
In late 2010, the Aquarius/SAC-D joint international science mission, between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Argentine Space Agency (CONAE), will be launched on a polar-orbiting satellite. This mission of discovery will provide measurements of the global sea surface salinity, which contributes to understanding climatic changes in the global water cycle and how these...
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