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SAR interferometry is a well established technology for mapping tectonic activities from space. In this study a mission concept is investigated that provides a global monitoring capability of geo-tectonic threads. Due to the requirement of long-time interferometric coherence of the mapped surfaces an L-band system is proposed. Four scenarios are defined and the respective product requirements are...
Through the last decade, the Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) was more and more applied to measure ground deformation on Mt. Etna, allowing to investigate ground deformation pattern both at broad and local scales. In this paper a few significant results of the experiences carried out at the Remote Sensing Laboratory of the INGV, Section of Catania, are discussed. Many of them are relevant...
A complete study of the deformation pattern of Sicily is planned, in the framework of the project ??Extension and enhancement of the volcanic and seismic monitoring systems of Sicily??, according the agreement among the National Department of Civil Defense (DPC), Sicilian regional government and National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV). In this study, it is also planned a research aimed...
Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis (HKS) is a complex tec-tonic feature in North Western Himalayan Fold and Thrust Belt. Himalayan Frontal thrust starts from the core of the Syntaxis while other faults like Kotil thrust, Riasi thrust and Tanda fault runs along NS directed Jehlum Fault. Seismicity is distributed along all the parts of the Syntaxis i.e. in the core and along the outer loop but decreases southward...
Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand with a current population of more than one million. It is situated on a basaltic volcanic field with a total area of 360 square km and which consists of over 50 individual largely monogenetic volcanoes. The most recent and largest eruption occurred 600 years ago, and was witnessed by local inhabitants. It is anticipated that the chance of reawakening of...
Mt Ruapehu is New Zealand??s most active volcano. In 2007, the volcano produced a large lahar following a crater lake dam wall breach, in addition to a minor eruption and small associated lahars. Here, satellite remote sensing and image processing is used to extract the path of the major lahar, and to compare the results achieved through classification of ASTER visible and near infra-red imagery to...
Chances of successfully forecasting volcanic eruptions are critically dependent on a careful monitoring strategy. A mobile volcano fast responses system (Exupery) is currently under development by a larger group of scientist in Germany. In addition to commonly monitored parameters this system attempts to directly include satellite based observations into the monitoring strategy of the mobile system...
The Exupery project funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research is a multidisciplinary project aiming at setting-up an Early Response System (VFRS) for Volcanic Activity. The core of the system builds on established volcanic monitoring techniques such as seismicity, ground deformation, and remote sensing tools for gas measurements. A major novelty of this mobile system is the attempt...
We investigate the deformation of Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes, Hawai`i, by exploiting the advanced differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) technique referred to as the Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) algorithm. In particular, we present time series of line-of-sight (LOS) displacements derived from SAR data acquired by the ASAR instrument, on board the ENVISAT satellite, from...
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture (InSAR) observations acquired by the Envisat satellite in a descending orbit during 2004-2007 are used to study land subsidence caused by groundwater over-exploitation in Mashhad Valley, northeast of Iran. Motagh et al (GJI 2006) presented a preliminary analysis of the subsidence in this area using a few interferograms covering the 2003-2005 periods. This paper utilizes...
Changes in the activity modes of active volcanoes can occur as very short term run-ups in seconds to days before eruptions, or may manifest as systematic changes occurring over a years to decades or longer. Understanding how timescales relate to underlying physical processes is key. In this context, it is important to understand the limitations and potential utility of new large remote sensing data...
The use of remote sensing is more and more incontrovertible in volcanic monitoring, especially in INSAR and thermal studies. A comprehensive database of high-resolution multispectral and multitemporal optical satellite imagery exists for Piton de la Fournaise, the active volcano on La Reunion Island. This database, however, remains relatively underexploited in volcanological studies of Piton de la...
We review several results from geodetic observations carried out in La Palma Island during the period 1992-2007. A gravity survey was done for structural studies, and InSAR and GPS observations techniques were applied to study the existence of deformation areas in the Island. Gravity anomalies have been inverted using a non-linear three-dimensional gravity inversion approach to obtain the geometry...
Microphysical and dynamical features of volcanic clouds, due to Plinian eruptions, can be quantitatively monitored by using ground-based microwave weather radars. In order to illustrate the potential of this microwave active remote sensing technique, the case study of the eruption of Augustine volcano in Alaska in January 2006 is described and analyzed. Volume data, acquired by a NEXRAD WSR-88D S-band...
The ASI-SRV(Sistema Rischio Vulcanico) project started at the beginning of the 2007 is funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) in the frame of the National Space Plan 2003-2005 under the Earth Observations section for natural risks management. Coordinated by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), which is responsible at national level for the volcanic monitoring, the project has...
Volcanic clouds pose a serious threat for both aircrafts and passengers because of ash, which may cause serious damages to the flight control systems and to jet engines. Starting from 2007, an automatic satellite monitoring system has been implemented at IMAA (Institute of Methodologies of Environmental Analysis) to identify and track volcanic ash plumes using NOAA-AVHRR data. This system is capable...
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