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For the future, it is envisioned that an incredibly number of inexpensive pervasive devices surrounds us. These devices are networked so that they can exchange data with their environment. Already today we have global networks like the Internet, and there are already many attempts to connect sensors and actuators to these networks. However, there are a variety of problems like security, scalability,...
Every physical event diffuses its effect geographically, which results in perceivable information gradient within the proximity of the phenomenon. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for on-demand query processing that exploits this diffusion property to form a virtual grid-based querying architecture, probe-before-spray (PBS), for wireless sensor networks. PBS effectively divides the sensor...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of tiny sensor nodes. Hence, a cluster-based architecture can be used to deal the self-organization issues of large networks. This cluster-based organization can prolong network lifetime and reduce broadcast overhead. In this paper, we propose an efficient self- organization algorithm for clustering (ESAC), which uses a weight-based criterion...
Emergency Management, EM, is the managerial function charged with creating the framework within which communities cope with disasters and reduce vulnerability to hazards. Emergency management activities and life time concerns include: pre-incident activities, such as information sharing, threat identification, planning, and readiness exercises; incident activities that include lifesaving missions...
Integrating sensors and grid computing provides a way to gather, process and model real-time information from the environment for informed decision-support and timely actions, proactive or reactive, to events. We create a collaborative sensor grid framework to support the integration of a sensor grid with collaboration and other grids. The framework includes a grid builder tool for discovering and...
This relates to early stage research that aims to build an integrated toolbox of instruments that can be used for environmental modeling tasks. The application area described is grape growing and wine production. A comparative study including data gathered in both New Zealand and Chile is described. Using both passive and sensor technology data is gathered from atmosphere, vines, and soil. Human sensory...
Wireless sensor networks offer an attractive choice for low- cost and easy-to-deploy solutions for intelligent traffic guidance systems and parking lot applications. In this paper, we propose the use of a combination of magnetic and ultrasonic sensors for accurate and reliable detection of vehicles in a parking lot. We describe a modified version of the min-max algorithm for detection of vehicles...
Energy conserving communication is one of the main challenges of wireless sensor networks. A number of studies and research are focused on saving energy and on extending the lifetime of these networks. Architectural approaches, like hierarchical structures, tend to organize network nodes in order to save energy. Most of these protocols need background information on the network in order to be efficient...
The technological advances of the information age have created both an opportunity and a challenge for military decision makers. At first glance the variety of data gathered by a multitude of traditional and non-traditional Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) sensors should allow decision makers to better understand their environment and the threat. However, a number of factors tend...
Current sensor technologies provide an abundance of sensed data in a variety of bands and formats. However, rather than providing the intended improvements in situational awareness for military and civil infrastructures, these sensor systems tend to deluge users with huge data sets that hide the data of interest within the shear volume of detailed output. Additionally, these sensor systems are generally...
The wide-ranging Layered Sensing concept is critical to providing timely, actionable, trusted, and relevant universal situation awareness (USA) to war fighters in both military and humanitarian operations. The layered sensing concept allows existing and future sensor systems to operate within a largely autonomic, collaborative, yet complex, system of systems (SoS) environment that is robust, agile...
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