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The following topics are dealt with: real-time systems; task scheduling; hardware-software codesign; system integration; distributed system; sensor network; industrial application; database system; data processing; system verification; and cyber-physical systems.
This paper focuses on priority assignment for realtime systems using fixed priority scheduling. It introduces and defines the concept of a "robust" priority ordering: the most appropriate priority ordering to use in a system subject to variable amounts of additional interference from sources such as interrupts, operating system overheads, exception handling, cycle stealing, and task execution...
Recent technological advances have opened up several distributed real-time applications involving battery-driven embedded devices with local processing and wireless communication capabilities. Energy management is the key issue in the design and operation of such systems. In this paper, we consider a single-hop networked real-time embedded system where each node supports both dynamic voltage scaling...
Streaming applications have become increasingly important and widespread, and they will be running on soon- to-be-prevalent chip multiprocessors (CMPs). We address the problem of energy-aware scheduling of streaming applications, which are represented by task graphs, on a CMP using on/off and dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) on a per-processor basis. The goal is to minimize the energy consumption of...
Time-triggered architectures (TTAs) are strong candidate platforms for safety-critical real-time applications. A typical time-triggered architecture is constituted by one or more clusters. Each cluster consists of nodes communicating with one another via a time-triggered communication protocol. Designing applications to run on such a platform is a challenging task. We address this problem by constructing...
In multiprocessor systems, the traffic on the bus does not solely originate from data transfers due to data dependencies between tasks, but is also affected by memory transfers as result of cache misses. This has a huge impact on worst-case execution time (WCET) analysis and, in general, on the predictability of real-time applications implemented on such systems. As opposed to the WCET analysis performed...
A distributed real-time control system is modeled by automatically generating a virtual execution platform and integrating it with an abstract run-time model. This allows us to capture the dynamic effects of non-deterministic behavior of the underlying hardware and real-time operating system (RTOS), which cannot be accurately evaluated by existing static approaches. Our framework has been implemented...
The integration phase of real-time COTS-based systems is often problematic because when multiple tasks run concurrently, the interference at the bus level between cache fetching activities and I/O peripheral transactions is significant and causes unpredictable behaviors: experimentally, tasks can have computation time variance up to 50%. In this work, we present a theoretical framework able to model...
We study the problem of executing a collection of independently designed and validated task systems upon a common platform comprised of a preemptive processor and additional shared resources. We present an abstract formulation of the problem and identify the major issues that must be addressed in order to solve this problem. We present (and prove the correctness of) algorithms that address these issues,...
As part of the DECOS architecture, this paper presents a generic framework for gateways, which enable message exchanges across application subsystem boundaries in order to exploit redundancy and to coordinate the behavior of application subsystems. In the DECOS architecture, networks of different application subsystem can exhibit property mis matches, such as different protocols (e.g., CAN protocol...
Creating robust real-time embedded software is critical in combining the physical world with computing, such as in consumer electronics or robotics. One challenge is the complexity of dealing with time together with implementation details that often end up implicitly determining the temporal behavior of the program. In this paper we suggest deconstructing a program into two separate aspects, the functional...
The scheduling of sporadic task systems upon multiprocessor platforms is considered, when inter-processor migration is permitted. It is known that current schedulability tests for such systems perform quite poorly when compared to schedulability tests for partitioned scheduling. Limitations of current tests are identified, which may be responsible for the unsatisfactory performance of these tests...
Compositional schedulability analysis of hierarchical scheduling frameworks is a well studied problem, as it has wide-ranging applications in the embedded systems domain. Several techniques, such as periodic resource model based abstraction and composition, have been proposed for this problem. However these frameworks are sub-optimal because they incur bandwidth overhead. In this work, we introduce...
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