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Creating budgets for making mechanized pieces, requires specific knowledge of this work which few people have in a factory. To solve the problem that can cause the lack of specialized personnel, this paper shows the creation of an expert system built using the tool ClonEx. The expert system behaves like an expert in budgeting with deep technical knowledge. The system makes budgets based on concrete...
Tumultuous and dynamic markets demand faster changes in their production systems. Frequent changes in order to implement new functionality is time consuming. Reconfigurability could offer a solution by using standard and open methods to represent information. Machines setup time could be decreased obtaining tested and dependable control modules from the device designer. In this way, control modules...
This paper outlines the perspectives opened by the application of the service-orientation paradigm for realizing high-level communications between next-generation, increasingly intelligent embedded devices - it indicates how this approach can benefit the manufacturing industry - and outlines the issues and approaches for cohesively coordinating manufacturing services at various levels of the manufacturing...
The transfer lines dealt with in this paper are equipped with multifunctional spindle heads, capable to realize several operations in the same time (in parallel) on the same work-piece. Each such multifunctional spindle head is called a block and is fully described by its set of operations, operating time and cost. The reconfigurability concerns here the possibility of realizing a family of products...
This paper discusses a new approach to the development life-cycle of agent-based production control applications, from the design to the operation, based in a catalogue of high-level Petri nets. The high-level Petri net-based approach facilitates the conception, definition and formal specification of an "encapsulation process" in industrial production systems. The catalogue includes elements...
A static control system architecture cannot meet the demand for continually introducing new parts into manufacturing systems while maintaining high quality and throughput for existing parts; a reconfigurable control infrastructure is needed. Control authority in the factory is typically allocated to three levels: the machine, cell, and system. The machine controllers must be reconfigurable to process...
In the center of supply chain management initiatives are the series of applications that synchronize demand and supply, manage inventory, ensure service-level commitments, and provide greater visibility into the manufacturing operations. At the same time the concept of Virtual Organization (VO) challenges the way industrial production systems are planned and managed. The topic is analyzed in context...
This paper describes the development of a multi-robot system for area reduction in humanitarian demining. In spite of the specific requirements imposed to the work being carried out by the humanitarian demining domain, the results being achieved can also be used in other domains such as surveillance and remote monitoring. A multi-agent based architecture is responsible for coordinating a progressive...
The X-by-Wire systems in cars can only be accepted if they provide at least the same dependability than the traditional ones. In this paper we propose a new approach to evaluate the impact of the EMI perturbations on the dependability of an X-by-Wire architecture. The considered X-by-Wire architecture is distributed around a TDMA-like communication protocol. So a perturbation causes the loss of a...
Embedded electronic communication systems play a vital role in the future development of automotive systems. For successful application developments new test and diagnosis solutions for these distributed systems are required. This paper presents solutions for the stimulus generation of test systems based on a remote test under the stringent constraints of the automotive industry. We elaborate a flexible...
At present, a number of platforms are becoming available for the implementation of intelligent field devices, which are based on low-cost microcontrollers and open-source real-time operating systems. To take full benefit from these platforms and to ease the task of developing and porting the application software, a standard interface has to be provided to cope with communication facilities. In this...
Plug-and-play is an important mechanism for achieving component integration and improving interoperability in smart transducer systems. While recent research in smart transducer interfaces has achieved a syntactically well-defined interface to arbitrary sensors and actuators, current plug-and-play approaches are limited by the semantic gap between the control application and the generic smart transducers...
The integration of small mobile systems and devices into existing computing infrastructures requires efforts on the programming and on the networking layer. Both layers are often addressed by middleware that offers simple abstractions at the programming layer while implementing them on the networking layer. This paper focuses on JavaSpaces and Jini, a middleware provided by Sun. JavaSpaces implement...
Ethernet has become so popular that it has also been further developed/or use at field level in automation technology under realtime conditions. However, for reasons of function and investment protection, the introduction of realtime Ethernet in automation solutions is likely to be a gradual process. Suitable solutions for the integration of existing fieldbus technology into the realtime Ethernet...
The application of distributed control systems is one of the main trends in current automation. Here, besides the programming of the control application code and its functional allocation to specific devices, an important point is the implementation of communication related code to exploit the underlying communication platform and realise the collaboration of the distributed control application code...
The impact of the use of mobile devices by means of GPRS (general packet radio service) technology to access environmental information in real time, provided by sensors strategically placed in a metropolitan area has been studied with the objective of using this information to find out rainfall volume and phreatic levels in times of emergency. This allows the technical services to make the correct...
The embedded real-time development community is investigating different approaches in order to provide modularity and reuse features for system design in this area, as well as a more appropriate mapping technique between requirements and implementation. The Java technology is very promising for this community, mainly after the research efforts on its real-time extension RTSJ-real-time specification...
The real-time specification for Java (RTSJ) introduces a new memory model featuring some programming constraints that impede the "as-is" use of many well known design patterns. In this context, this paper describes and evaluates two design patterns, developed by the authors for distributed real-time Java software, that are able to overcome the limitations imposed by RTSJ. The first pattern,...
The use of Petri nets for the modelling of discrete-event systems is well-studied. Yet, the tools allowing the implementation of these models, and supporting code generation, are still very few, almost non-existent. This paper starts by presenting a Petri net class, based on place/transition nets and well-known concepts from synchronised and interpreted Petri nets. This Petri net class allows the...
Coordinated atomic (CA) action is a widely used approach to structuring concurrent activities in distributed embedded applications. Recovery from failures is one of its major concerns. Despite the intuitive simplicity, reasoning about failure recovery in CA actions is rather complex because of the interaction between various system components. This paper proposes an approach based on timed CSP for...
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