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To improve forecasting accuracy for baseline load and load impact from demand response resources, this paper develops three innovative statistical models. These models are regression spline fixed effect model, fixed effect change point model and mixed effect change point model. The models developed are applied to forecast baseline load and load impact from air conditioning cycling demand response...
As a type of clean and renewable energy source, wind power is being widely used all around the world. However, owing to the uncertainty and instability of the wind power, it is important to build an accurate prediction model for wind power for the grid-connected security operation. The performance of hybrid method is always better than that of single ones in the wind power prediction. Actual wind...
One of the most effective and cheapest strategies to integrate the fast-increasing number of solar-based generators is by forecasting their power output to schedule power dispatch, energy storages, manage backup generators, and compensate for any fluctuations of solar power. In particular, forecasting the insolation is invaluable to predict the power generated by photovoltaic arrays. An essential...
Interconnection of DFIG-based wind farms with LCC-HVDC is challenging for very weak AC systems. This work focuses on establishing a modeling and control design framework to analyze frequency dynamics in such systems. To that end, an averaged model of the DFIG-based wind farm connected to LCC-HVDC system has been developed where grid frequency control is used to regulate the HVDC rectifier firing angle...
In Germany, the absorption capacity of distributed generation (DG) in rural and suburban low voltage (LV) networks is currently restricted due to possible over-voltages above the limit set by the voltage standard. Whilst the thermal limits can only be solved by storage, curtailment or network extension, a number of advanced and relatively affordable technologies can be implemented to maintain the...
This work presents de-rating\degradation factors effect on photovoltaic (PV) module energy output. It studies the turbidity and the angular optical losses to facilitate a development of an index that evaluate the level of solar radiation degradation. It is performed in an algorithm that provides a solution of optical depth, solar incidence angle on tilted PV module, turbidity index, and angular losses...
A new methodology and web calculator, known as the emissions quantification tool (EQT), are designed to estimate the emissions impacts of a growing range of specific smart grid technologies and project types. Significant CO2, NOx, and SO2 reductions are possible with these technologies, but results are highly context dependent. This transparent, modular, reproducible, and publically accessible screening...
Dynamic load controllers for thermostatically controlled loads should allow for accurate control of power consumption and should not disrupt the quality of service. This paper proposes an intuitive definition of nondisruptiveness for systems with second-order thermal models, based on a decomposition into fast and slow temperature modes. It enables the explicit control of the slow mode temperature...
This paper analyzes the pessimistic effect on the inherent load shifting potential (LSP) of buildings due to the participation in the reserve market. A generic model-based optimization approach is deployed, which uses a validated dynamic model along with its experienced external and internal disturbances, to quantify the LSP in the presence of various price signals. The theoretical maximum LSP is...
This paper proposes a robust demand-side control algorithm in a smart grid environment for heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. A robust model predictive control (RMPC) scheme in a receding horizon fashion is deployed, which optimizes electricity cost and capacity market participation of the HVAC system, while satisfying comfort and operational constraints of the building and...
This paper considers two important challenges in the distribution network with high renewable penetrations. One is that during the peak load, generation is normally low or zero and it will cause the voltage drop. Meanwhile, during peak generation period, the generated power will exceed the load and be injected to the grid, which will subsequently cause the voltage rise. This paper proposes a MILP...
High speed growth in residential air-conditioning load requires increasing penetration of renewable energy to cater for peak load in current electricity networks. However, voltage over oscillation happens during high renewable penetration periods and peak load demand time. This paper attempts to provide a distributed control strategy to coordinate aggregated air-conditioning loads (ACLs) on network...
This paper develops a hierarchical framework required to solve optimal demand dispatch of multiple buildings coordinating building energy management systems (BEMSs) and distribution system operation (DSO) control center. The proposed framework consists of mathematical model of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) load in buildings, model of distribution grid, objectives of BEMSs and DSO,...
In this article, a general Benders Decomposition is applied to solve a stochastic mixed integer programming formulation (SMIP) to obtain the optimal sizing of a photovoltaic system (PV) and battery energy storage system (BESS) to power a Residential Heating Ventilation and Air- Conditioning System (HVAC). The uncertainty of PV-output is stochastically modeled using different scenarios with the probability...
Electric utilities have been using wind power to an increasing extent in order to provide clean energy. However, this resource depends on the intermittency of wind, and this makes balancing supply and demand challenging for the system operator. In this paper we propose a downscaling approach yielding daily probabilistic wind speed scenarios for the turbine hub height, thus making them useful for generating...
High-pulse line-commutated rectifiers are utilized in many high-power applications. Specifically, twelve-pulse rectifiers fed with six-phase synchronous generators are very popular in marine and aircraft power systems with variable frequency operation. Using numerically efficient averaged models of power electronics converters considerably saves simulation time when a large number of switching converters...
Flexible load response allows to manage local power consumption in response to supply conditions, such as high market price, peak demand or regulation signal, thus, lower grid operating costs, increased system reliability and improved energy efficiency can be achieved. Besides, demand response becomes large contributor to overall building expense reduction, especially in large grid-congested cities...
The increasing integration of wind power generation brings more uncertainty into the power system. Since the correlation may have a notable influence on the power system, the output powers of wind farms are generally considered as correlated random variables in uncertainty analysis. In this paper, the pair copula theory is introduced to describe the complicated dependence of multidimensional wind...
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