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Mobile phone call details records (CDR) are particularly useful to study human mobility and support decisions related to public health, transportation and resource management. We used the 2013 mobile dataset released by the Orange mobile operator to model human mobility before, during and after one of the most attended religious festivals in Senegal called the Magal of Touba. We observed interesting...
In the paper we present the results of a practitioner-centered requirements analysis for the design of humanitarian logistics dashboards. The work is based on a combination of desk research and its reflection through expert interviews and workshops with logisticians from humanitarian organizations. The identified requirements have been classified following the Design Science Information Systems Research...
Arising out of civil conflict, disease, birth defects, and traumatic accidents, many people in developing countries lack hands or fingers. Prosthetic hands can help give these people a sense of agency and increased ability to perform everyday tasks. Unfortunately, many prostheses are prohibitively expensive and often require frequent maintenance and repair. Therefore, they are financially and geographically...
3D printing is a manufacturing method that holds much promise for customized prosthetic devices, particularly in developing countries. There are many open-source prosthetic hands designed specifically for the additive manufacturing process. However, the excessive time (i.e., 32–53 hours) required for printing and assembly hinders scale up. This article analyzes 3D printing and injection molding strategies...
This paper describes a microgrid for electrification of an isolated rural village in Nepal. Photovoltaic and various storage systems were modeled to find the optimal design. The economic and environmental impacts are also studied.
The paper describes an efficient process for developing, optimizing, and managing replacement/maintenance programs for assets based on risk management, cost-benefit analysis, energy management and environmental impact principles. The best decision on whether to maintain or replace an asset can only be reached by evaluating the assets in the broadest possible terms, looking at the performance of associated...
The African continent is most vulnerable to climate change due to a multitude of environmental stressors and low adaptive capacity. Climate change stresses agriculture via rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns, as well as increased soil vulnerability, climate variability, pests and crop disease, and increased atmospheric carbon dioxide. Affordable greenhouse solutions work on a small,...
A significant challenge in supporting international surveys is to ensure that the survey is efficiently and accurately translated into foreign languages for presentation to respondents who do not speak English. Major issues include fonts, oral languages being converted to written, dialects and other nuances, and challenges with native translators. This paper will discuss issues and lessons learned...
Accurate recognition of agricultural activity has a direct bearing on improving farm productivity in terms of achieving crop yield improvements, imparting precision training to farmers wherever needed, and measuring their efforts. Moreover, farm activities are not independent of each other. Cultivation of any crop is associated with a defined pattern of farmer activities called the crop protocol....
Affordable greenhouses have been proven to substantially increase crop yields by allowing farmers to grow year-round while, at the same time, decreasing water consumption. These benefits translate to improved livelihoods and food security for urban farmers and improved nutrition for their rural counterparts in resource-constrained areas. Accordingly, affordable greenhouses have been introduced to...
Aquaculture is a major driver of economic growth in rural Southeast Asia where many families rely on small-scale fish ponds to supplement their livelihoods. However, due to lack of aeration and other advanced aquaculture technologies, yields in those rural ponds have been low. Aeration systems are typically not employed due to lack of access to reliable electricity, as well as prohibitive capital,...
Communication and information exchange are critical for effective response to emergencies and disasters. However, most existing communication solutions lack flexibility and are not robust enough in disconnected, interrupted, or remote communication environments. Traditional communication tools fail to meet the increasingly complex needs of both public safety and private industry workers during emergency...
High concentrations of carbon monoxide and particulate matter can cause respiratory disease, illness, and death in high doses. Air pollution is a concern in many urban areas of emerging markets that rely on outdated technologies for transportation and electricity generation; rural air quality is also a concern when noting the high prevalence of products of incomplete combustion resulting from open...
Developing countries face an increasing double disease burden of chronic health conditions like cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes alongside traditional communicable diseases like tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and malaria. Rural patients often cannot afford to visit established medical centers because of the cost or time associated with travel. Poor education and social stigma prevent patients...
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