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Sexual assault and interpersonal violence affects university communities in disproportionate numbers to those of the general population. It is estimated that one in five women will be the victims of a sexual assault during their college years. In this study, we use kernel density estimation, logistic regression and random forest modeling to conduct spatial and temporal analysis of sexual assault at...
Social networking services have the hidden potential to reveal valuable insights when statistical analysis is applied to their unstructured data. As shown by previous research, GPS-tagged Twitter data enables the prediction of future crimes in a major city, Chicago, Illinois, of the United States. However, existing crime prediction models that incorporate data from Twitter have limitations in describing...
The United States has seen a massive increase in oil production over the last ten years due to new fracking technologies that can extract previously unreachable oil. These new fields are not as well connected with traditional mid-stream infrastructure, such as pipelines, and as a result have started to be transported by train car. This paper focuses on analyzing how new and expanding oil refineries...
Although there has been a significantly growing focus in managing environmental preservation, rising energy expenditures, and depleting natural resources, the United States (US) still remains as a world leader in energy consumption. This paper elucidates how the problem of energy demand could adversely impact the goal of maintaining global sustainability. The objective of this research is to develop...
The Technology Leaders Program (TLP) is an interdisciplinary undergraduate program at the University of Virginia. The program has recently received a grant to purchase materials that will support its mission of fostering a maker culture. The TLP faculty advisors recognize that the current pencil-and-paper method of tracking their assets would not effectively and efficiently work with a larger inventory,...
Aircraft enthusiasts who desire to build and fly their own aircraft are 350% more likely to be involved in an accident during the first 40 hours of flight than all other aircraft in the general aviation (GA) fleet. Pilots must manually collect measurements that are used to develop a pilot’s operating handbook (POH), to include emergency procedures. Currently, no system exists to automate the process...
Vehicle to grid technologies (V2G) utilize the batteries in electric vehicles (EV) to provide ancillary services to the electric power grid. In order to maintain a 60-hertz frequency in the electric grid, there exists a wholesale market for frequency regulation (FR), a specific type of ancillary service. This paper examines V2G technology for providing FR, while focusing on the effect FR service has...
Visualization of health data can increase situational awareness, maximize utility of patient data, and improve the clinical decision-making processes in critical care settings. Many hospitals are burdened by vast quantities and varieties of data and are struggling to manage, analyze, interpret, and present it in a meaningful way. Graphical visualization and predictive modeling are effective mechanisms...
The patient-centered care paradigm is an influential healthcare management model that can improve the way care is delivered. Autonomous agents may be implemented in hospitals to enhance patient-centered by adding tailored patient interaction without the expense of hiring additional workforce. Observations in the University of Virginia’s Children’s Hospital Physical Therapy unit were conducted to gather...
In the past decade there has been a substantial growth in numbers of commuters who are bicycling to and from work. Despite this fact, the most popular method of transportation in present-day society is the use of automobiles. One possible explanation for the fact that most commuters prefer automobiles to bicycles is that automobiles provide a level of comfort and protection from weather that is not...
Most large turbomachinery use fluid film journal bearings to support the rotor, limit vibrations, and to control potential instabilities. More recently, an alternate bearing technology has come into commercial use: active magnetic bearings. These bearings offer a number of advantages, particularly because they can provide very favorable dynamic properties, useful in managing rotor stability. To capitalize...
XAPPmedia provides an interactive audio advertising service that allows customers to connect with advertisers by speaking prompted phases in their audio advertisement. In order to provide better services for their advertisers, XAPPmedia needs to determine key components that influence advertising performance. We developed an Ad Effectiveness model that coaches advertisers to optimize their XAPP advertising...
Currently available upper-limb, myoelectric prostheses usually accomplish gesture differentiation by analyzing myoelectric signals from multiple pairs of surface electrodes distributed over the user’s upper body. Another common control method is to use a single pair of surface electrodes but to enlist an application on a mobile device for specific gesture and grip settings. Both of these approaches...
Modern surgical procedures have saved lives; however, the occurrence of post-surgical complications is still a concern. This study investigates the relationships between patients’ surgical data and the post-surgical adverse outcomes of death, cardiac injury, renal injury, and respiratory failure. We analyze these relationships through the statistical modelling of predictor variables from patients’...
The infrastructures on which our society depends are interconnected and interdependent on multiple levels. The failure of one infrastructure can result in the disruption of other infrastructures, which can lead to severe economic disruption and loss of life or failure of services. Today, within the cyber-physical engineering and social world, all acting infrastructure systems are certain to be subjected...
Installed wind capacity has increased globally by an average of 23% over the past 18 years according to the Global Wind Energy Council. Despite the fact that wind energy is one of the fastest growing renewable energy sources today, there is limited literature on micro-wind turbine technology. Micro-wind turbines are generally characterized as small-scale turbines designed for use by individuals rather...
The failure to remove tetracycline (TC) in most conventional wastewater treatment systems results in the discharge and accumulation of TC in the environment, which in turn, increases the potential for developing TC-resistance in naturally occurring microorganisms. Thus, there is a need to explore other processes that can enhance TC degradation during wastewater treatment. In this study, we investigated...
The potential for developing and spreading antimicrobial resistance in pathogens is the most important health risk associated with the widespread use of antimicrobials in human medication and in the livestock industry. Residual antimicrobials enter the environment through the discharge of contaminated effluent or through land application of contaminated livestock manure. Many studies have investigated...
Foreign object debris is any object alien to an aircraft assembly component, examples include screws, fasteners, bottle caps, tools, and trash. Currently, visual inspection techniques are used to detect FOD. These methods, relying on line-of-sight, are time consuming (5- 10% shift time), costly ($13B direct costs annually) and subject to errors (i.e. 50% FOD remains undetected after inspection). Analysis...
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