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The efficient sharing of information is a commonly overlooked problem in methods proposed for cooperative multi-robot tasks. However, in multi-robot scenarios, especially when the communication network's quality of service is less than desirable, either in bandwidth or reliability, efficient information exchange is a key aspect for the successful deployment of coordinated robotic teams with proper...
Humanoid robots are conceived to resemble the body and comportment of the human beings. Among the behavior repertoire, the possibility of executing visually-guided tasks is crucial for individual adaptation and relies on the on-board sensory system. However, the research on walk and localization is far from conclusive. Given the difficulties in the processing of the visual feedback, some studies have...
One of the most important concepts in an automotive production process is that of a manufacturing sequence. Sequencing has a vital influence on a series of important performance indicators such as load balance, setup time, setup cost, timeliness, flow of material etc. Generating appropriate sequences has thus become a key task for the automotive production planner. Ensuring the stability of a sequence,...
The use of typical position controllers for robots working around humans can involve some risks when unintended physical human-robot interactions occur. In order to benefit from a proper tracking performance during normal operations, and a smooth and damped recovery from position errors due to contacts with external objects/agents, Proxy-based Sliding Mode Control was proposed. While the efficacy...
Accurate and robust mobile robot localization is very important in many robot applications. Monte Carlo localization (MCL) is one of the robust probabilistic solutions to robot localization problems. The sensor model used in MCL directly influence the accuracy and robustness of the pose estimation process. The classical beam models assumes independent noise in each individual measurement beam at the...
The aim of the paper is to describe the data-fusion from optical sensors for mobile robotics reconnaissance and mapping. Data are acquired by stereo pair of CCD cameras, stereo pair of thermal imagers, and TOF (time-of-flight) camera. The fusion is realized by means of spatial data from a TOF camera to ensure “natural” representation of a robot's environment; thus, the thermal and CCD camera data...
This work presents a purely visual topologic odometry system for robot navigation. Our system is based on a Multi-Scale analysis that allows us to estimate the relative displacement between consecutive omnidirectional images. This analysis uses global appearance techniques to describe the scenes. The visual odometry system also makes use of global appearance descriptors of panoramic images to estimate...
Obstacle avoidance is an important issue for off-line path planning and on-line reaction to unforeseen appearance of obstacles during motion of a non-holonomic mobile robot along a predefined trajectory. Possible trajectories for obstacle avoidance are modeled by the velocity potential using a uniform flow plus a doublet representing a cylindrical obstacle. In the case of an appearance of an obstacle...
The present invention is directed to an electronic tag for monitoring transportation of goods over long periods of time. It provides monitoring of all data regarding environmental conditions (for example, if an item should not be stored at more than some critical temperature, but had remained the entire time at just below the critical temperature, this also might be of interest). The tag reading device...
We are witnessing an exciting trend towards vehicle automation. We extend the research on robotic vehicles of several international groups that employ expensive on-roof sensors by investigating whether close-to-market sensor configurations may be sufficient for this task. We show that cognitive and autonomous vehicles with a few close-to-market sensors are feasible. Vision plays the dominant role...
We present a new method for building an abstract task representation from a single human-guided demonstration. We call it the Specification by Demonstration Approach and it is based on our Framework for Physical Interaction (FPI). Guided by a human instructor, a robot extracts a set of key task references and relates them to a visual model of the object. A physical interaction task representation...
In this paper the problem of two-player pursuit-evasion games with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in a three-dimensional environment is solved. A game theoretic framework is presented, which enables the solution of dynamic games in discrete time based on dynamic programming. The UAV agents taking part in the pursuit-evasion game are two identical quad-rotors with the same non-linear state space model,...
We developed a task-oriented controller based on optimal finite horizon control. We demonstrate this on a flexible ball playing robot with redundant degrees of freedom. The task is to reach a specified Cartesian position and velocity of the bat at a specified time, in order to rebound the ball. The controller must maintain high accuracy and react to disturbances and changing conditions. Therefore,...
In this paper we present an algorithm for detection, extraction and tracking of moving objects using a 3D laser range sensor. First, ground extraction is performed using random sample consensus for model parameter estimation. Afterwards, to downsample the point cloud, a voxel grid filtering is executed and octree data structure is used. This data structure enables an efficient detection of differences...
On rough terrain, there are a variety of soil types having different soil strength. It means that it is needed for outdoor robots to change wheel control strategies since optimal slip and maximum traction levels on wheels differ depending on soil strength. Therefore this paper proposes an algorithm for acquiring optimal control parameters, such as maximum traction coefficient and optimal slip ratio...
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