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The rapid growth of the Semantic Web in the last years has led to the emergence of Ontology-Based Question Answering systems, namely systems that exploit the ontological structure of data in order to interpret and answer natural language questions. In this paper, we are interested in question answering scenarios where both semantic data and user questions can be characterized by vagueness and we propose...
Motivation is very important in any kind of human activity. This is especially true in the context of learning. Various educational systems therefore try to incorporate elements, which has motivating effects on their users -- learners (students). Increasingly popular in this domain is employing elements of gamification. In our work, we propose specific type of one of the gamification mechanics --...
CAPTCHAs exploit the gap in the ability between a human and a machine to understand the semantics of specific multimedia content, with vast applications in computer security. In this paper we compare two techniques in automated CAPTCHA solving for text-based CAPTCHA schemes, i.e., Classification based on the Vector Space Model (VSM) versus a popular Optical Character Recognition (OCR) engine. For...
The constantly growing number of websites, web pages, documents and, textual (Big) Data populating the Internet currently represents a massive resource of information and knowledge for various interests and across many different domains. However, the big amount and the complexity of unstructured, natural language textual data implies several issues and difficulties for end users to find a specific,...
In multiple studies, various implicit and explicit feedback types were used to quantify document quality and to identify user's interest in document content on both document and sub-document level. In this study we use eye movement data retrieved while reading a document to identify sections, user is most interested in. We describe multiple patterns in eye movement of users reading documents that...
In the recent years, social applications have competed to incorporate emerging technologies and innovative aspects like semantics technologies, location based services, data ephemerality to ensure user privacy, etc. Although few applications combine these aspects, our challenge is to gather them in applications for communities. Likewise due to the limited resources of mobile devices and the growing...
This paper addresses the issue of potential bias in VAA generated data. Specifically, we report the findings from a study whereby a VAA questionnaire was administered through two different modes. One group consisted of participants who filled an online version of the VAA while the other consisted of participants elicited through a traditional survey. We find that there is differential respondent behaviour...
Voting advice applications (VAA) have become an increasingly popular feature of electoral campaigns. VAAs are online tools that use survey techniques to measure the degree to which the policy preferences of citizens match those of political parties or candidates. In some cases, such as The Netherlands, VAA's can attract millions of respondents providing an incredibly rich source of mass public opinion...
Users who successfully invited others to the EUvox 2014 online platform and users who accepted the invitation were used to form a network dataset. This report examines the tendency of Inviters and Invitees to be disproportionately similar with respect to their demographic, political orientation and attitudinal characteristics, i.e. Examines the homophily hypothesis in VAA generated data. We find that...
Political scientists often talk about "ideological dimensions" that aggregate related policy issues into a single latent construct. Typical examples of ideological dimensions are (economic) Left versus Right and (socially) liberal versus conservative. In this paper I show how individual issues may be aggregated into three ideological dimensions in England by drawing from opinion data derived...
This paper discusses the use of personalisation in crowd systems. Crowd Systems are systems, which may be virtual or physical, and which involve a crowd of people in the realisation of one or more system-level objective(s). We define Crowd Systems in terms of the General System Theory, propose a classification scheme and discuss their complexity. Then we highlight the benefit of using personalisation...
Voting Advice Applications (VAAs) are online tools that match the policy preferences of voters' with the policy positions of political parties or candidates. A recent, innovative extension of VAAs has been to draw on the field of computer science to introduce a social vote recommendation borrowing the basic principles of collaborative filtering. The latter takes advantage of the community of VAA users...
The main idea of this paper is to use an extension of algebraic semiotics - a technique that provides systematic ways to evaluate the quality of representations - that can handle dynamic systems, to formally specify systems of moving pictures, and compare their semantic annotated models. Some first steps towards this direction are presented, through a simple but illustrative example.
Nowadays, Online Social Networks have given the opportunity to users to share their interests. Moreover Location-Based Social Network added the location factor giving a new perspective to users' check-ins in POIs through smartphones. There are three main parameters characterizing these networks: mobility, proximity and periodicity. Here, we argue that periodicity is a significant upcoming trend in...
Incorporating digital tools in the business and scientific research workflows is at the moment an on-going process, challenging and demanding as every domain has its own needs in terms of data models and information retrieval methods. The information in some domains involves entity evolution, a characteristic that introduces additional tasks, such as finding all evolution stages of an entity, and...
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